Enhancing Research with Wearables in Clinical Trials

Enhancing Research with Wearables in Clinical Trials

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

As clinical trials grow in number and complexity, wearables are becoming essential. They allow for remote patient monitoring (RPM) and can track multiple health metrics at once. This is crucial as the number of trial endpoints has increased by 10% in the last ten years. Let’s explore how using wearables in clinical trials helps accelerate medical research.

Contents

Wearables in Medical Research

What are wearables?

Wearables are small, smart devices like sensors that, combined with apps, collect health data. These devices can track everything from your heart rate to how well you sleep. They’re like having a mini-lab on your wrist or body. 

Wearables in clinical trials refers to all types of medical tech used in medical research.

Types of wearable devices used in clinical trials

Black woman gold top showing phone with glucose meter on arm

There’s a whole range of wearables being used in medical research:

The popularity of wearables in research

Wearables are taking the medical research world by storm. The use of wearables in clinical trials has grown by 50% from 2015 to 2020 (Marra et al., 2020). 

Wearable devices make collecting health data easier for medical researchers. They allow for real-time analysis of large data sets and help identify health trends, which brings ease and precision to clinical trials and medical studies.

Benefits of Using Wearables in Clinical Trials

Why are researchers so excited about wearables? Let’s break it down.

Real-time data collection and monitoring

Monitoring dashboard on a desk

Imagine getting a constant stream of health data from patients, 24/7. Wearables allow clinicians to monitor real-time data, so there’s no more waiting for patients to come in for check-ups or relying on their memory of symptoms.

Improved patient engagement and compliance

People are more likely to stick with a study when they’re using familiar devices. RPM systems often include medication reminders and tracking features, which can significantly improve adherence rates. 

Enhanced accuracy and objectivity of data

Wearables don’t forget or exaggerate. They provide hard data without human error or bias. Combining wearable sensors and advanced software in clinical trials is one of the best ways to make sure the data is accurate (Seitz, 2023).

Cost-effectiveness and efficiency in trial conduct

Wearable tech in healthcare shows promise for better data collection and analysis-–it can improve disease understanding, treatments, and clinical trials (Izmailova et al., 2018). 

By reducing the need for in-person visits and automating data collection, wearables can cut trial costs by up to 60% (Coravos et al., 2019).

How Wearables Are Used in Clinical Trials

How are wearables being used in real studies? Let’s look at some examples.

Continuous vital sign monitoring

Wearables can track heart rate, blood pressure, and even oxygen levels around the clock. This is especially useful in studies of heart conditions or respiratory diseases.

Activity and sleep tracking

Older woman asleep wearing smartwatch next to cell phone

These devices can measure how much you move and how well you sleep. This data is valuable for studies on conditions like insomnia or chronic fatigue syndrome.

Medication adherence tracking

Timed pill box

Some smart pill bottles can remind patients to take their medication and record when they do. This helps clinicians know if patients are following the treatment plan.

Remote patient monitoring and telemedicine integration

Wearables allow doctors to check on patients from afar. This is particularly helpful for patients who live far from research centers or have mobility issues.

In a study of patients with Parkinson’s disease, wearable sensors were used to track movement patterns. This allowed researchers to measure the effectiveness of a new treatment more accurately than traditional methods (Espay et al., 2016).

Challenges and Limitations of Wearables in Clinical Trials

While wearables offer many benefits, they also come with some challenges.

Data privacy and security concerns

Hacker in a red hoodie

With so much personal health data being collected, keeping it safe is a top priority. Researchers need to ensure that patient information is protected from hackers and unauthorized access.

Regulatory hurdles and FDA approval processes

Getting new devices approved for use in clinical trials can be a long and complex process. The FDA has strict rules about what devices can be used and how data can be collected.

Integration with existing clinical trial systems

Many research centers have established systems for collecting and analyzing data. Integrating wearable data into these systems can be tricky and time-consuming, but can be overcome.

Potential for data overload and interpretation issues

Wearables can generate massive amounts of data. Sorting through all this information and making sense of it can be overwhelming for researchers.

One study found that while 79% of clinical trials were interested in using wearables, only 39% felt confident in their ability to manage and analyze the data effectively (Walton et al., 2015).

Best Practices to Incorporate Wearables in Clinical Trials

To make the most of wearables in clinical trials, researchers should follow these best practices.

Monitor attached to back of a woman's left shoulder

Select appropriate wearable devices for specific trial needs

Not all wearables are created equal. Researchers must choose devices that are scientifically relevant to the study’s endpoints and can gather precise, valid data. 

The goal is to collect meaningful information that significantly contributes to the study’s outcomes and conclusions, rather than just monitoring for the sake of it (Rudo & Dekie, 2024). For example, a sleep study might need a device with advanced sleep-tracking capabilities.

Ensure data quality and validation

It’s crucial to verify that the data collected by wearables is accurate and reliable. This often involves comparing wearable data with data from traditional medical devices.

Train participants and researchers on proper device use

Both patients and research staff need to know how to use the wearables correctly. Good training can improve data quality and reduce errors.

Develop robust data management and analysis protocols

With so much data coming in, having a solid plan for managing and analyzing it is essential. This may involve using specialized software or working with data scientists.

Steinhubl et al. (2018) researched how heart failure patients used wearable sensors to track daily activity. By carefully selecting devices and training participants, the researchers collected high-quality data leading to new insights about the progression of heart failure.

What’s next for wearables in clinical trials? Let’s take a peek.

Smart watch illustration in blue and red

AI and machine learning integration for data analysis

As the amount of data grows, artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) will play a bigger role in making sense of it all. AI can help spot patterns and trends that humans might miss.

Multi-modal sensors

Multi-modal sensors in wearables combine different types of sensors in one device to give a more complete picture of a patient’s health (Sietz, 2023). It can include body sensors, environmental sensors, and even imaging tech to gather a wide range of data for clinical studies.

Expanded use of wearables in decentralized clinical trials

More trials are moving away from traditional research centers. Wearables make it possible to conduct studies with patients in their own homes, opening up research to a wider group of people.

Potential for personalized medicine and treatment optimization

By collecting detailed, individual health data, wearables help tailor treatments to each patient’s unique needs.

Conclusion

Wearables are becoming an integral part of clinical trials, offering new insights into patient health and treatment efficacy. These smart devices are likely to revolutionize medical research, leading to faster, more efficient, and patient-centric clinical trials. Who knows–the next big medical breakthrough might come from a small device you can wear.

References

Coravos, A., Khozin, S., & Mandl, K. D. (2019). Developing and adopting safe and effective digital biomarkers to improve patient outcomes. NPJ digital medicine, 2(1), 1-5.

Espay, A. J., Bonato, P., Nahab, F. B., Maetzler, W., Dean, J. M., Klucken, J., … & Papapetropoulos, S. (2016). Technology in Parkinson’s disease: Challenges and opportunities. Movement Disorders, 31(9), 1272-1282.

Izmailova, E. S., Wagner, J. A., & Perakslis, E. D. (2018). Wearable Devices in Clinical Trials: Hype and Hypothesis. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 104(1), 42-52.

Marra, C., Chen, J. L., Coravos, A., & Stern, A. D. (2020). Quantifying the use of connected digital products in clinical research. NPJ digital medicine, 3(1), 50.

Seitz, S. (2023). Wearable sensors have already enhanced clinical trials and their impact in this market is only going to grow as technology advances. Find out what clinical trial applications and opportunities exist for your innovative wearable technology company. Sequenex. Retrieved from https://sequenex.com/blog/enhancing-clinical-trials-with-wearable-sensors-and-software-solutions/

Steinhubl, S. R., Waalen, J., Edwards, A. M., Ariniello, L. M., Mehta, R. R., Ebner, G. S., … & Topol, E. J. (2018). Effect of a home-based wearable continuous ECG monitoring patch on detection of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation: the mSToPS randomized clinical trial. Jama, 320(2), 146-155.

Todd Rudo, T., & Dekie, L. (2024). The Future Fit of Wearables for Patient-Centric Clinical Trials. Applied Clinical Trials, 33(4).

Walton, M. K., Powers, J. H., Hobart, J., Patrick, D., Marquis, P., Vamvakas, S., … & Burke, L. B. (2015). Clinical outcome assessments: conceptual foundation—report of the ISPOR Clinical Outcomes Assessment–Emerging Good Practices for Outcomes Research Task Force. Value in Health, 18(6), 741-752.

Wearable Technology Clinical Trials: All You Need To Know About 5 Wearable Devices And Wearable Sensors. Learning Labb Research Institute. (n.d.) Retrieved from https://llri.in/wearable-technology-clinical-trials/

Williams, K. (2023). The Future of Clinical Trials: Embracing Wearables and Beyond. Datacubed Health. Retrieved from https://www.datacubed.com/the-future-of-clinical-trials-embracing-wearables-and-beyond-2/

Chronic Pain Management Apps: The Best Digital Health Tools for Relief

Chronic Pain Management Apps: The Best Digital Health Tools for Relief

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

Living with chronic pain can be a daily struggle, affecting millions of people worldwide. According to the CDC, an estimated 20.9% of U.S. adults experienced chronic pain in 2021. Fortunately, technology has stepped in to offer innovative solutions, like chronic pain management apps.

These digital assistants are powerful, accessible tools to help pain sufferers track symptoms, manage medications, and find relief. In this article, we’ll discuss chronic pain management apps in detail, outlining the ways they can help improve quality of life for those who experience chronic pain.

Contents

Overview of chronic pain management

First, let’s take a look at the various digital tools available to help manage chronic pain.

Woman wearing a VR headset in a coworking space

Types of digital tools for chronic pain

Many digital tools on the market can help assess and treat chronic pain, and improve how patients access and engage with their care (Rejula et al., 2021):

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is being used more in healthcare, including for diagnosing and managing treatments. For chronic pain, AI can use data like breathing rate, oxygen levels, and heart rate to estimate pain levels and changes.
  • Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM): Tools like smartphone apps, sensors, and wearable devices can help doctors collect and track patient symptoms between appointments. 
  • Digital therapy: These are devices and methods that give patients frequent advice to improve their behaviors and habits. Most of these use an approach called cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
  • Virtual patient engagement: Digital communication tools can help patients be more involved in their care, no matter where they are.

Definition of chronic pain management apps

Senior woman with leg pain in chair

Chronic pain management apps are mobile applications that help people with chronic conditions like diabetes, cancer, and fibromyalgia track and control their pain. They serve as a digital companion, offering features like pain diaries, medication reminders, and educational resources. The main goal is to empower users to take control of their pain management, providing insights that can lead to better health outcomes.

How they’re different from general health apps

While general health apps focus on overall wellness, chronic pain management apps are tailored to address specific pain-related issues. They offer specialized tools like pain mapping and flare-up prediction, which are not typically found in standard health apps.

Key features and functions

Timed pill box

Chronic pain management apps come packed with features to make pain management easier:

  • Pain tracking: Users can log pain episodes, noting intensity, location, and triggers. This helps in identifying patterns and potential triggers.

  • Medication management: Apps often include reminders to take medication, ensuring adherence to prescribed treatments.

  • Educational resources: Many apps offer information on pain management techniques, such as deep breathing exercises and guided meditation.

  • Integration with wearables: Some apps sync with wearable devices to provide real-time data on physical activity and sleep patterns.

Benefits of using digital tools for pain management

Why should you consider using these apps? Here are some benefits:

  • Improved self-management: By tracking pain and related factors, users gain insights into their condition, leading to better management.

  • Better communication: Sharing app data with doctors can lead to more informed treatment decisions.

  • Convenience: Having a digital tool at your fingertips means you can manage your pain anytime, anywhere.

Top Features of Effective Pain Management Apps

When choosing a pain management app, certain features can make a big difference in how well it works. Let’s explore what to look for.

Elderly hands on smartwatch

Pain tracking 

Effective apps allow users to log pain episodes in detail. This includes noting the intensity, duration, and location of pain, as well as potential triggers. A study found that detailed pain tracking can help users identify patterns and adjust their management strategies accordingly (Zhao et al., 2019).

Medication reminders and management

Medication adherence is crucial in pain management. Apps with reminder features ensure users take their medication on time, reducing the risk of missed doses and improving overall treatment effectiveness.

Customizable pain scales and body maps

Customizable features allow users to personalize their pain assessment. This means they can adjust pain scales to better reflect their experiences and use body maps to pinpoint pain locations accurately.

Integration with wearable devices 

Integration with wearables provides real-time data on various health metrics, such as heart rate and activity levels. This data can offer insights into how lifestyle factors affect pain, allowing for more informed management decisions.

Let’s take a closer look at some of the most popular chronic pain management apps available today. These apps offer various features to help users track, manage, and understand their pain better.

Note: Prices listed in this section are accurate as of August 2024. Visit the app’s website to confirm their current pricing.

1. Pathways Pain Relief

Pathways app
Source: Pathways

Pathways Pain Relief is a web-based app created by chronic pain sufferers and pain specialists at Pathway. It aims to help users manage their pain through mind-body therapies and comprehensive pain education.

Key Features:

  • Mind-body pain therapy program

  • Meditation and mindfulness exercises

  • Physical therapy area

  • Pain and wellbeing tracking
ProsCons
Comprehensive approach to pain managementWeb-based only (no mobile app)
Created by pain sufferers and specialistsRequires internet connection
High user rating (4.6/5)

Cost: $79 (flat fee).

Use case

A chronic pain patient looking for a holistic approach to pain management, combining physical therapy, mindfulness, and pain education.

To learn more, visit:

Pathways Pain Relief

2. Curable

Curable app
Source: Curable

Curable is available on iOS, Android, and web platforms. It was founded by three individuals who recovered from chronic pain and now aim to help others access similar treatments.

Key Features:

  • Mind-body pain therapy program

  • Meditation and mindfulness area

  • Chatbot for personalized guidance
ProsCons
Available on multiple platformsLower user rating compared to some competitors (4.2/5)
Personalized guidance through chat bot
Founded by chronic pain recovery stories

Cost: $11.99 per month.

Use case

Someone interested in exploring mind-body connections in pain management, with a preference for guided, personalized experiences.

To learn more, visit:

Curable

3. Manage My Pain

Manage My Pain app
Source: Managing Life

Manage My Pain, an app created by Managing Life, is available on iOS, Android, and web platforms. It focuses on detailed pain tracking and analysis to help users understand their pain patterns.

Key Features:

  • Comprehensive tracking of pain and well-being

  • Export statistics for healthcare providers

  • Easy-to-read charts and graphs
ProsCons
Detailed pain tracking capabilitiesMay be overwhelming for users seeking simpler solutions
Shareable reports for healthcare providers
High user rating (4.4/5)

Cost: $4.99 per month for reports and educational content.

Use case

A patient who wants to keep detailed records of their pain experiences to share with their healthcare team and identify patterns over time.

To learn more, visit:

Manage My Pain

4. Migraine Buddy

Migraine Buddy app
Source: Migraine Buddy

Migraine Buddy, developed by Aptar Digital Health, is specifically designed for migraine sufferers. Available on iOS and Android, it helps users track and manage their headache and migraine symptoms.

Feedback on Migraine Buddy says the app is great for people with migraines (Gamwell et al, 2021). It lets users share info with doctors, track what causes their migraines, and what helps relieve them. It can also calculate how much migraines affect a person’s daily life. 

Key Features:

  • Migraine tracking and analysis

  • Community support features

  • Educational resources on migraines
ProsCons
Specialized for migraine sufferersNot suitable for other types of chronic pain
Strong community support
Very high user rating (4.6/5)

Cost: $0 for MigraineBuddy; $12.99 per month or $89.99 per year for MBplus.

Use case

A migraine sufferer looking to track their symptoms, identify triggers, and connect with others who have similar experiences.

To learn more, visit:

MigraineBuddy

5. CareClinic

CareClinic app
Source: CareClinic

CareClinic is available on iOS and Android. It offers a comprehensive approach to symptom tracking and treatment planning.

Key Features:

  • Symptom and treatment goal tracking

  • Daily habit monitoring

  • Medication and appointment reminders
ProsCons
Comprehensive tracking of symptoms and treatmentsMay require significant time investment for data entry
Goal-setting features
High user rating (4.6/5)

Cost: Free; they also have monthly and annual plans for premium features.

Use case

A patient managing multiple chronic conditions who needs to track various symptoms, medications, and treatments in one place.

To learn more, visit:

CareClinic

6. PainScale

PainScale app

Boston Scientific Corporation created PainScale, a highly-rated pain management app with a range of features for tracking and managing chronic pain, and educational articles. It’s available on iOS, Android, and the web. 

Gamwell et al (2021) noted that PainScale includes the very helpful techniques for managing pain, and is easy to use for various types of chronic pain. It has a daily diary where users can track their symptoms, triggers, and medications, and can be share this info with doctors. 

Key Features:

  • Pain tracking and analysis

  • Personalized pain management plans

  • Educational resources
ProsCons
Comprehensive pain management featuresLimited information available about cons
Personalized approach
High quality score in research studies

Cost: Free

Use case

A chronic pain patient looking for a well-rounded app that combines tracking, personalized plans, and education.

To learn more, visit:

PainScale

How to Choose the Right Pain Management App

Selecting the right app can be overwhelming. With so many options available, how do you pick the right app for your needs? Here’s how to make an informed choice.

Woman holding her temples

Assess your specific needs and pain conditions

Start by evaluating your specific pain conditions. Are you dealing with neuropathic pain, or is it more related to a chronic condition? Choose an app that offers features tailored to your needs.

Consider ease of use

An app should be easy to navigate. Look for a user-friendly interface that allows you to access features quickly and efficiently.

Review data privacy and security features

Data privacy is crucial. Ensure the app complies with relevant data protection regulations and offers secure data storage.

Check compatibility with other devices

Make sure the app is compatible with your smartphone, tablet, or wearable devices. Compatibility ensures seamless integration and use.

When comparing these apps, consider what features are most important to you. Do you prefer detailed tracking, or is community support more valuable? Each app offers unique benefits, so choose one that aligns with your needs. Remember to consult with your healthcare provider about incorporating these tools into your overall pain management plan.

Integrating Apps into Your Pain Management Plan

Once you’ve chosen an app, the next step is to make it a regular part of your pain management routine.

Man holding his knee in pain

Work with healthcare providers to use app data effectively

Share app data with your healthcare provider. This collaboration can lead to more informed treatment decisions and better pain management outcomes.

Combine app use with other pain management strategies

Apps should complement, not replace, other pain management strategies. Combine app use with physical therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes for optimal results.

Set realistic expectations for app benefits

Understand that while apps are helpful tools, they are not a cure-all. Set realistic expectations for what an app can achieve in managing your pain.

Tips for consistent app usage and data logging

Consistency is key. Regularly update the app with accurate information to track your progress and adjust your management strategies as needed.

Conclusion

Chronic pain management apps offer a ray of hope for those grappling with persistent pain. These digital tools empower users to take an active role in their pain management, providing valuable insights and support. However, these apps shouldn’t replace professional medical advice. 

By choosing the right app and integrating it into your overall pain management strategy, you can gain a better understanding of your condition and find more effective ways to cope. Embrace these technological advancements and take the first step towards a more manageable pain experience.

References

FDA Authorizes Marketing of Virtual Reality System for Chronic Pain Reduction. (2021). U.S. Food and Drug Adminstration. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-marketing-virtual-reality-system-chronic-pain-reduction

Gamwell, K. L., Kollin, S. R., Gibler, R. C., Bedree, H., Bieniak, K. H., Jagpal, A., Tran, S. T., Hommel, K. A., & Ramsey, R. R. (2021). Systematic evaluation of commercially available pain management apps examining behavior change techniques. Pain; 162(3), 856. doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002090

Orlovich Pain MD. (n.d.). The Power of Pain Management Apps: A New Frontier in Chronic Pain Relief. Retrieved from https://orlovichpainmd.com/the-power-of-pain-management-apps-a-new-frontier-in-chronic-pain-relief/ 

Rejula, V., Anitha, J., Belfin, R. V., & Peter, J. D. (2021). Chronic Pain Treatment and Digital Health Era-An Opinion. Frontiers in Public Health; 9, 779328. doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.779328

Rikard, S. M., Stahan, A. E., Schmit, K. M., & Guy Jr., G. P. (2023). Chronic Pain Amonf Adults – United States, 2019-2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023;72:379–385. dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7215a1. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7215a1.htm

Zhao, P., Yoo, I., Lancey, R., & Varghese, E. (2019). Mobile applications for pain management: An app analysis for clinical usage. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making; 19. doi.org/10.1186/s12911-019-0827-7

Prescription Digital Therapeutics: The Future of Digital Health Solutions

Prescription Digital Therapeutics: The Future of Digital Health Solutions

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

The global market for prescription digital therapeutics (PDT) is expected to grow to $17.16 billion by 2030. This growth is mainly due to the affordability of digital health technology for both healthcare providers and patients, as well as the increasing use of smartphones in both developed and developing countries.

In this article, we’ll describe PDT, its applications, benefits, and challenges.

Contents

What Are Prescription Digital Therapeutics?

Prescription digital therapeutics (PDTs) are a new class of medical interventions that leverage software to treat, manage, or prevent diseases and disorders. Unlike typical health apps, PDTs require a prescription from a healthcare provider and are subject to rigorous regulatory scrutiny.

According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), prescription digital therapeutics are medical devices, also called Software as a Medical Device (SaMD). The FDA review of prescription digital therapeutics is the same as the process the FDA uses to review medical devices. 

Definition and key characteristics of PDTs

PDTs are software-based treatments delivered through mobile devices, designed to address the behavioral and psychological aspects of various health conditions. These digital tools are developed based on scientific evidence and aim to provide therapeutic benefits comparable to traditional medical treatments (Phan et al., 2023). 

Source: Avalere

Examples of prescription digital therapeutics developers

This chart from Blue Matter Consulting (2023) lists 154 PDT companies.

Source: Blue Matter

How PDTs differ from wellness apps and other digital health tools

While wellness apps focus on general health and fitness, PDTs are designed to treat specific medical conditions. PDTs undergo clinical trials, and are subject to stringent regulatory processes to ensure they meet high standards of safety and effectiveness. This regulatory oversight differentiates PDTs from other digital health tools, which may not require such rigorous evaluation.

The PDT regulatory framework 

The FDA plays a critical role in the approval of PDTs. These therapeutics must demonstrate clinical efficacy and safety through rigorous trials before receiving FDA clearance. This process ensures that PDTs meet the same standards as traditional pharmaceuticals, providing healthcare providers and patients with confidence in their use (Phan et al., 2023).

The Science Behind Prescription Digital Therapeutics

PDTs are grounded in scientific research and evidence-based practices to ensure their effectiveness in treating various health conditions.

Evidence-based approaches used in PDTs

PDTs incorporate evidence-based approaches to help patients change their behaviors and manage symptoms effectively, such as: 

For instance, CBT-based PDTs can help identify and change negative thought patterns, improving mental health outcomes. A study on a PDT for opioid use disorder found it improved retention in treatment by 76% at 12 weeks compared to treatment as usual (Brezing & Brixner, 2022). 

Clinical trials and efficacy studies supporting PDTs

Lab worker

Clinical trials are essential for validating the efficacy of PDTs. These studies assess the therapeutic outcomes of PDTs compared to traditional treatments. 

For example, trials have shown PDTs can be effective in managing substance use disorders and chronic insomnia, providing real-world evidence of their clinical benefits (Brezing & Brixner, 2022).

Applications of Prescription Digital Therapeutics

PDTs offer promising solutions across a range of medical conditions, providing tailored interventions for diverse patient needs.

Mental health conditions

Therapist and patient talking on couch

PDTs are increasingly used to treat mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In a randomized controlled trial, a PDT for depression reduced symptoms by 45.6% compared to 17.4% with usual treatment (Phan et al., 2023).

These digital tools provide accessible and scalable interventions, often with CBT techniques to help patients manage symptoms and improve their quality of life.

Chronic diseases

For chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension, PDTs offer personalized management strategies. They enable continuous monitoring and data analysis, facilitating timely adjustments to treatment plans and improving patient outcomes (Phan et al., 2023).

A PDT for type 2 diabetes led to a 1.1% reduction in HbA1c levels after 6 months in a clinical trial (Phan et al., 2023).

Substance use disorders and addiction treatment

Woman sitting with hands clasped

PDTs are particularly effective in treating substance use disorders, offering structured programs that support recovery. They provide patients with tools to manage cravings and develop healthier coping mechanisms, contributing to sustained recovery. 

A couple of examples:

  • Research with 1,758 patients using a PDT for substance use disorder showed 64.1% abstinence at 12 months (Brezing & Brixner, 2022).
  • A PDT for alcohol use disorder resulted in 63% of patients reducing heavy drinking days compared to 32% receiving standard treatment (Rassi-Cruz et al., 2022).

Neurological disorders

Conditions such as ADHD and insomnia can benefit from PDTs, which offer targeted interventions to manage symptoms and improve daily functioning. For instance, PDTs for insomnia often include sleep hygiene education and relaxation techniques to enhance sleep quality.

Benefits of Prescription Digital Therapeutics

PDTs offer numerous advantages that enhance patient care and healthcare delivery.

Improved accessibility to treatment

PDTs make healthcare more accessible by providing treatments that can be delivered remotely via mobile devices. This is particularly beneficial for individuals in underserved areas or those with mobility challenges, ensuring they receive timely care.

Personalized and adaptive interventions

PDTs can be tailored to individual patient needs, offering adaptive interventions that evolve based on real-time data. This personalization enhances treatment effectiveness and patient satisfaction (Phan et al., 2023).

Real-time data collection and analysis

The ability to collect and analyze data in real-time allows healthcare providers to monitor patient progress continuously. PDTs can collect patient data continuously, providing 1440 data points per day compared to 1-4 from traditional in-person visits. This facilitates early detection of issues and enables proactive adjustments to treatment plans, improving overall outcomes (Phan et al., 2023).

Reduced healthcare costs

By providing effective and scalable interventions, PDTs have the potential to reduce healthcare costs. They can decrease the need for in-person visits and hospitalizations, making them a cost-effective alternative to traditional treatments. For example, an economic analysis estimated PDTs could save $2,150 per patient per year for opioid use disorder treatment (Brezing & Brixner, 2022).

Challenges and Limitations of PDTs

Despite their benefits, PDTs face several challenges that must be addressed to maximize their potential.

Doctor showing a patient an app in green

Federal regulation lags behind software development

Digital therapeutics (DTx) are mobile medical apps that use new tech like artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR). They’re always changing, with new versions coming out every few months, which makes them hard to regulate. 

DTx Products 2015-2021 with Regulatory Status

A problem with a DTx app could hurt someone’s health, so to keep DTx safe for consumers without stopping progress, software companies need to self-regulate–find ways to reduce risks and follow ethical rules on their own to help patients and build trust with their doctors.

One way to self-regulate is to involve clinicians in app development. Doctors know what patients need and can spot potential problems. But surprisingly, most health apps are made without input from medical experts. A study found only 20% of health apps included input from health professionals during development (Rassi-Cruz et al., 2022). 

Data privacy and security concerns

The collection and storage of sensitive health data raise significant privacy and security concerns. Ensuring robust data protection measures is crucial to maintaining patient trust and compliance with regulations (Phan et al., 2023).

Integration with existing healthcare systems

Integrating PDTs into existing healthcare infrastructures can be complex. Seamless integration is necessary to ensure that PDTs complement traditional treatments and fit within the broader healthcare ecosystem.

Patient adherence and engagement

Black man using his blood pressure monitor at home

Maintaining patient engagement with PDTs can be challenging. 

For example, take mental health apps that use CBT or provide feedback through wearables like smartwatches. While helpful, these apps often aren’t covered by insurance, and patients may pay out-of-pocket. They often give up if they don’t see quick results. 

Ensuring that patients adhere to prescribed digital therapies is essential for achieving desired outcomes, requiring strategies to enhance motivation and commitment. Pharmacists can help by encouraging patients to stick with the apps and complete all modules (Pharmacy Times, 2024).

Reimbursement and insurance coverage issues

Securing reimbursement for PDTs remains a hurdle, as insurance companies may be hesitant to cover these relatively new treatments. Establishing clear guidelines and demonstrating cost-effectiveness may help overcome this barrier.

The Future of Prescription Digital Therapeutics

The future of PDTs is promising, with advancements in technology and expanding applications poised to enhance their impact on healthcare.

overlay with doctor and pill bottle

Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning are set to revolutionize PDTs. These innovations can enhance personalization and predictive capabilities, improving treatment outcomes and patient experiences.

Potential for combination therapies

Combining PDTs with traditional treatments offers a holistic approach to healthcare. This synergy can enhance therapeutic outcomes by addressing multiple aspects of a patient’s condition, providing comprehensive care (Phan et al., 2023).

Expanding applications in preventive care and wellness

PDTs hold potential for preventive care by identifying and addressing health risks early. Their application in wellness can promote healthier lifestyles and prevent the onset of chronic diseases, contributing to improved public health.

Conclusion

In digital health, PDTs offer promising avenues for improving patient outcomes, increasing access to care, and potentially reducing healthcare costs. While challenges remain, the growing body of evidence supporting PDTs suggests that they will play an increasingly important role in the future of healthcare delivery. 

As patients, healthcare providers, and policymakers alike embrace these innovative tools, we can look forward to a more personalized, accessible, and effective approach to managing a wide range of health conditions.

References

Bashran, E. (2024). Prescription Digital Therapeutics: Devices. HealthAffairs. Retrieved from

https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/10.1377/hlthaff.2024.00159

Brezing, C. A., & Brixner, D. I. (2022). The Rise of Prescription Digital Therapeutics In Behavioral Health. Journal of Behavioral Health; 11(4), 1-10. doi: 10.1007/s12325-022-02320-0 

Global Prescription Digital Therapeutics (PDTx) Market – Industry Trends and Forecast to 2030. (2023). Data Bridge Market Research. Retrieved from https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-prescription-digital-therapeutics-dtx-market

Liesch, J., Volgina, D. Nessim, C., Murphy, D., & Samson, C. (2023). Blue Matter Consulting. Retrieved from https://bluematterconsulting.com/prescription-digital-therapeutics-us-market-outlook-2023/

Phan, P., Mitragotri, S., & Zhao, Z. (2023). Digital therapeutics in the clinic. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine; 8(4), e10536. doi:10.1002/btm2.10536. 

Prescription Digital Therapeutics Bring New Treatments to Healthcare. (2021). Avalere Health. Retrieved from https://avalere.com/insights/prescription-digital-therapeutics-bring-new-treatments-to-healthcare

Prescription Digital Therapeutics for Mental Health: Effectiveness, Challenges, and Future Trends. (2024). Pharmacy Times. Retrieved from https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/prescription-digital-therapeutics-for-mental-health-effectiveness-challenges-and-future-trends

Rassi-Cruz, M., Valente, F., & Caniza, M. V. (2022). Digital therapeutics and the need for regulation: How to develop products that are innovative, patient-centric and safe. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome; 14. doi.org/10.1186/s13098-022-00818-9 

Wang, C. Lee, C. & Shin, H. (2023). Digital therapeutics from bench to bedside. npj Digital Medicine; 6(1), 1-10. doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00777-z

Health App Gamification: Making Your Wellness Journey Fun

Health App Gamification: Making Your Wellness Journey Fun

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

Did you know that 71% of people using fitness apps abandon them within 3 months? These apps may lack health app gamification – health trackers with fun, competitive elements to keep us motivated and on track with our goals. 

In this article, we’ll discuss how gamification is making health apps more engaging, effective, and enjoyable.

Contents

What is Health App Gamification?

Definition of gamification in the context of health apps

Gamification aims to make a website or app fun and motivate people to use it. This is done by employing elements from successful popular games and classical principles of human behavior. 

In health apps, gamification in health apps involves incorporating game-like elements into non-gaming contexts to enhance user engagement and motivation. 

This strategy approach uses the fun and competitive aspects of games to promote healthier habits. By integrating features like points, badges, and leaderboards, health apps aim to make achieving wellness goals more enjoyable and rewarding.

Elements of gamified health apps

Source: Pragmatic Coders

Mechanics are gamified elements in the app that users can see and interact with. Some game elements included in these apps include:

  • Points: Users earn points for completing tasks, such as logging workouts or reaching step goals. These points can be used to unlock new levels or rewards.

  • Rewards and Badges: Achievements are recognized with badges, providing users with a sense of accomplishment and motivation to continue their healthy habits.

  • Leaderboards and Ratings: Users can see how they rank against others, fostering a sense of competition and community.

  • Progress Bars: A measurement of success toward a goal.

  • Simulations: Used to upgrade clinicians’ and researchers’ technical skills, monitoring, and medical procedures, and showing visual health-related consequences for patients.

How gamification taps into human psychology for motivation

Gamification taps into motivation from intrinsic (inner) and extrinsic (outside) sources by providing immediate feedback and rewards. The sense of progress and achievement encourages users to stick with their health routines. 

For example, earning a badge for completing a week of workouts can boost a user’s confidence and drive to maintain their exercise regimen. This approach leverages psychological principles such as the desire for mastery and social recognition, making health goals more attainable and engaging (Gkintoni et al., 2024; Berger & Jung, 2024).

Dynamics and aesthetics in apps

Dynamics in health apps are what keep users interested. They:

  • Set and track goals

  • Give out rewards

  • Provide quick feedback

  • Let users customize their experience

  • Make the app interactive

These features help keep people engaged and motivated to use the app and work on their health goals.

Aesthetics are the emotional effects that gaming elements bring out, like curiosity, motivation, fun, connection, and winning. It’s also about the look and feel of the app. 

Use cases for health app gamification

Source: Digital Doughnut

The most popular health areas using healthcare app gamification are:

  • Medication and chronic conditions

  • Fitness

  • Physical therapy

  • Mental health

  • Pediatrics

Healthcare use cases for gamification include:

  • Having users do specific exercises to treat ailments

  • Completing competitive milestones

  • Sharing progress with other users

Benefits of Gamified Health Apps

Now that we know what health app gamification is, let’s explore why it’s so effective.

Increased engagement and retention

Gamified health apps keep users engaged by making health activities fun and interactive. Features like daily challenges and quests encourage regular app use, increasing retention rates. People are more likely to stick with an app that provides a sense of accomplishment and community.

Enhanced motivation for reaching health goals

By setting clear goals and providing rewards, gamified apps motivate users to pursue their health objectives. Whether it’s losing weight, building muscle, or improving mental health, the game-like structure helps users stay focused and committed.

Note that all rewards aren’t created equal. For instance, one study with three groups of nutrition app users had different preferences (Berger & Jung, 2024):

  • Older men who like routines prefer coupons and points.

  • Mid-30s women who are open to new things prefer progress bars and leaderboards.

  • People with high self-worth prefer progress bars and goals, but dislike social features.

These preferences relate to personality traits and demographics.

Social support and accountability through competition

Leaderboards and social sharing features create a sense of community and accountability. Users can compete with friends or join groups to tackle challenges together, fostering a supportive environment that encourages continued participation.

Improved health outcomes and behavior change

People often quit forming healthy habits over time. They may start off excited and invest a lot, but give up when the initial thrill fades.

Gamification helps with adherence to healthy habits because it:

  • Offers a path to goals with small time investments

  • Reinforces new behaviors along the way

  • Allows a gradual increase in effort once habits are formed

  • Keeps people motivated and committed

Studies have shown that gamification can lead to significant behavior changes and improved health outcomes. By making healthy habits more appealing, users are more likely to adopt and maintain them over time. For instance, nutrition apps using gamification have been effective in promoting healthier eating habits (Berger & Jung, 2024).

In short, gamification makes it easier to start and stick with healthy habits by breaking the process into fun, manageable steps. It helps overcome the common problem of people giving up when things get tough, by keeping them engaged and slowly building up their efforts over time.

To better understand how these apps work, let’s look at some of their key features.

Boy wins his computer game using health app gamification

Virtual rewards and achievements

Virtual rewards such as badges and trophies recognize user accomplishments, providing a sense of achievement and encouraging continued engagement. These rewards can be shared on social media, boosting user motivation through social recognition.

Challenges and quests

Challenges and quests offer users specific tasks to complete, such as a 30-day fitness challenge. These features provide structure and goals, making it easier for users to stay on track with their health objectives.

Progress tracking and visual representations

Visual progress tracking, such as graphs and charts, helps users see their improvements over time. This feature reinforces positive behavior by showing tangible results, motivating users to continue their efforts.

Social sharing and community building

Social features allow users to share their achievements and progress with friends and family. This creates a sense of community and support, which can be crucial for maintaining motivation and accountability.

Wearables and health apps

Person on scale with phone app

Mobile apps and wearable gadgets with game-like features also make health fun. These tools help people enjoy working out, eating better, and keeping track of their progress.  Fitness trackers and smartwatches, let users set goals, count steps, check their heart rate, and get personal tips.

Augmented and virtual reality

Woman wearing a VR headset in a coworking space

Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are two technologies that can make you feel like you’re in another world, or add digital elements to what you see. They’re also helpful to make patients feel better and teach clinicians new skills.

Top Gamified Health Apps in the Market

With all these benefits and features in mind, you might be wondering which apps to try.

Overview of leading apps using gamification

Several health apps use gamification to enhance engagement. They’ve gained popularity for their innovative use of game mechanics:

  • Fitbit: Offers activity tracking and challenges, appealing to fitness enthusiasts.

  • Gluroo: For diabetes management.

  • Headspace: Guided meditatons and other features to improve mental health and wellbeing.

  • Mango Health: Reminds and motivates patients to take their medications as prescribed.

  • MyFitnessPal: Focuses on nutrition tracking with a large food database to help those who want to improve their diet and/or lose weight.

  • Zombies, Run!: Combines storytelling with running, attracting users who enjoy immersive experiences.

User reviews and success stories

Woman wins computer game - health app gamification

Users often praise these apps for making health activities more enjoyable and motivating. Success stories highlight significant weight loss, improved fitness levels, and better overall health, demonstrating the effectiveness of gamified health apps.

Designing Effective Health App Gamification

To create a successful gamified health app, consider more than just adding fun elements—it also requires careful planning and consideration.

Balance between fun and health goals

Designing a gamified health app requires balancing entertainment with health objectives. The app should be engaging without distracting from the main goal of improving health.

Personalization and adaptability

Personalization is key to keeping users engaged. Apps should offer customizable goals and challenges to cater to individual preferences and fitness levels. Adaptability ensures that users remain motivated as they progress.

Regulatory and ethical considerations (like addiction)

The FDA oversees health-related software as medical devices, referred to as “software as a medical device.” Games that help with diseases might need approval and doctor supervision. The FDA is working on a new plan to focus on digital health products that could be risky for patients.

Beware of addictive behavior

While gamification can enhance motivation, it’s important to avoid creating addictive behaviors, like “internet gaming disorder.” So health apps need to set fair goals. 

For example, step goals should match a person’s health and abilities. Setting goals too high can cause stress and be harmful. The aim should be to motivate, not manipulate. Good health apps respect users’ choices and clearly explain how they use game-like features to help.

Because of these concerns, experts think these apps should be tested for safety before people can use them. Developers should focus on promoting healthy habits without encouraging excessive app use or dependency.

Maximizing Your Experience with Gamified Health Apps

Now that you know what to look for in a gamified health app, here are some tips to get the most out of your experience.

Setting realistic goals and expectations

It’s important to set achievable goals that align with your lifestyle and fitness level. Realistic expectations prevent frustration and help maintain motivation.

Engaging with the app’s community features

Participating in community features, such as forums or group challenges, provides additional support and accountability. Engaging with others can enhance your experience and keep you motivated.

Combining app use with real-world activities

While gamified apps are a valuable tool, combining them with real-world activities can enhance your health journey. For example, use a fitness app to track outdoor runs or join a local sports team for social interaction.

Tracking progress and celebrating milestones

Regularly tracking your progress and celebrating milestones can boost motivation and reinforce positive behavior. Acknowledge your achievements and use them as motivation to continue your health journey.

Conclusion

Health app gamification can make the journey to our wellness goals more fun. By incorporating game-like elements, these apps make health activities more rewarding, which can lead to improved health outcomes and sustained behavior change. Whether you’re looking to improve your fitness, diet, or mental health, gamified health apps provide a fun and effective way to achieve your goals.

Ready to level up your health game? Download a gamified health app today and start your fun-filled path to better wellness!

References

Berger, M., & Jung, C. Gamification preferences in nutrition apps: Toward healthier diets and food choices. Digital Health; 10. doi.org/10.1177/20552076241260482

Gamification in Healthcare: Increase Loyalty and Motivation Among Your Patients and Medical Professinoals. (n.d.). Emerline. Retrieved from https://emerline.com/blog/gamification-in-healthcare

Gkintoni, E., Vantaraki, F., Skoulidi, C., Anastassopoulos, P., & Vantarakis, A. (2024). Promoting Physical and Mental Health among Children and Adolescents via Gamification—A Conceptual Systematic Review. Behavioral Sciences; 14(2). doi.org/10.3390/bs14020102

Golovnia, S. (2024). How to (And Why You Should) Incorporate Gamification into Your Mental Health Care App. SF AppWorks. Retrieved from https://www.sfappworks.com/blogs/incorporating-gamification-into-your-mental-health-care-app

Lech, E. (2024). Gamification in healthcare: Short guide for app founders. Pragmatic Coders. Retrieved from https://www.pragmaticcoders.com/blog/gamification-in-healthcare-short-guide-for-app-founders

Legourd, J. (2022). The Gamification of Healthcare: Emergence of the Digital Practitioner? Elfie.  Retrieved from https://www.elfie.co/knowledge/the-gamification-of-healthcare-emergence-of-the-digital-practitioner

Megan, S. (2022). Gamification in Healthcare Apps: Use Cases & Amazing Benefits. Digital Doughnut. Retrieved from https://www.digitaldoughnut.com/articles/2022/september-2022/gamification-in-healthcare-apps-use-cases

Milioto, M. (2024). 159 Key Fitness App Stats for 2024: Trends by Age, Market & More. Dr. Muscle. Retrieved from https://dr-muscle.com/fitness-app-stats/

Pavlov, I. (2023). 3 Main Components of Gamification to engage users in Health Apps. Nozomi. Retrieved from  https://nozomihealth.com/3-main-components-of-gamification-to-engage-users-in-health-apps/

Shukla, A. (2023). Gamification Tricks from Psychology. Cognition Today. Retrieved from https://cognitiontoday.com/gamification-tricks-from-psychology/

Struk, V. (2024). Redefining Patient Engagement: The Impact of Gamification in Healthcare. Relevant Software. Retrieved from https://relevant.software/blog/gamification-in-healthcare/#Ethical_Considerations_and_Risks_in_Gamifying_Healthcare

Suk, J. (2024). How Can Gamification Be Used in the Healthcare Industry? HurixDigital. Retrieved from https://www.hurix.com/how-can-gamification-be-used-in-the-healthcare-industry/

Terehin, A. Gamification in Healthcare: Benefits, Trends & Examples. (2024). Agente. Retrieved from https://agentestudio.com/blog/healthcare-app-gamification

The Future of Telehealth: Trends and Predictions for 2025 and Beyond

The Future of Telehealth: Trends and Predictions for 2025 and Beyond

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic sparked a 78% uptick in telehealth usage. As we look to the future, telehealth is poised to become an integral part of healthcare delivery. 

This article explores the exciting innovations and trends that will shape the future of telehealth, promising to enhance patient care, improve accessibility, and streamline healthcare operations.

To understand the future of telehealth, we first need to look at the new technologies that are changing how we provide care.

Contents

Emerging Technologies in Telehealth

The future of telehealth is closely tied to advancements in technology. Several cutting-edge innovations are set to reshape virtual care in the coming years.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in diagnostics

Phone with chatbot conversation

AI and machine learning (ML) can analyze large amounts of medical data to assist healthcare providers in making more accurate diagnoses and treatment recommendations.

For example, AI-powered diagnostic tools can examine medical images like X-rays or MRIs and flag potential issues for review by human doctors. 

AI chatbots are also being developed to conduct initial patient screenings and triage. These chatbots can ask patients about their symptoms and medical history, then direct them to appropriate care options whether that’s a virtual doctor visit, in-person visit, or emergency services.

Internet of Medical Things for remote patient monitoring

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) refers to connected medical devices and applications that can collect and transmit health data. This technology enables continuous remote monitoring of patients’ vital signs and other health metrics.

Some examples of IoMT devices include:

5G networks enabling real-time, high-quality video visits

The rollout of 5G networks dramatically improves the quality and reliability of video-based telehealth services. 5G offers much faster data speeds and lower latency compared to 4G networks.

In fact, 5G technology can reduce video latency to less than 2 milliseconds, enabling real-time interaction during virtual doctor visits comparable to in-person visits.

For telehealth, this means:

  • Higher-quality video and audio for virtual visits

  • The ability to transmit large medical files like MRIs quickly

  • More reliable connections in rural or remote areas

  • Support for bandwidth-intensive applications like augmented reality

Take a look at a diagram that shows how connected medical devices interoperate across different systems (Deloitte, 2021).

How connected medical devices interoperate across different systems
Source: Deloitte

Virtual and augmented reality applications in telemedicine

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have exciting potential applications in telehealth:

For instance, a 2018 study in the Journal of Visualized Experiments found that VR-based physical therapy for stroke patients greatly improved upper limb function compared to conventional therapy (Choi & Paik, 2018).

While technology is important, telehealth’s real strength is in making specialized care available to more people.

Expanding Access to Specialized Care

One of telehealth’s greatest promises is improving access to specialized medical care, especially for underserved populations.

Telepsychiatry bridging the mental health treatment gap

Mental health care has long suffered from accessibility issues, with many areas facing severe shortages of psychiatrists and therapists. Telepsychiatry is helping to bridge this gap.

A 2016 study in the World Journal of Psychiatry found that telepsychiatry was as effective as in-person care for treating depression, with the added benefit of increased patient satisfaction and engagement (Hubley et al., 2016).

Telepsychiatry is particularly valuable for:

  • Rural communities with few local mental health providers

  • Patients with mobility issues or transportation barriers

  • People seeking specialized treatments not available locally

  • Those who prefer the privacy and convenience of at-home care

Remote visits with specialists for rural and underserved areas

Telehealth is bringing specialized medical expertise to areas that previously had little or no access. This includes:

  • Remote dermatology visits using high-resolution images

  • Virtual neurology assessments for stroke patients

  • Tele-oncology services for cancer patients in rural areas

School-based telehealth programs improving pediatric care

School-based telehealth programs are emerging as a powerful tool for improving children’s health, especially in underserved communities. These programs typically involve:

Halterman et al (2017) found that school-based telehealth programs reduced emergency department visits and improved asthma outcomes for children in rural communities.

Virtual second opinions from leading medical experts

Telehealth is making it easier for patients to get second opinions from top specialists, regardless of geographic location. This can be particularly valuable for complex or rare conditions.

Several major medical centers now offer formal virtual second opinion programs. For example, the Mayo Clinic’s eConsults program provides written second opinions from Mayo Clinic specialists based on a review of medical records and test results.

Telehealth is also changing how we approach personalized care and monitoring for patients.

Personalized Medicine and Remote Monitoring

The integration of telehealth with other digital health technologies is enabling more personalized and proactive care.

Wearable devices for continuous health tracking

Monitor attached to back of a woman's left shoulder

Wearable devices like smartwatches and fitness trackers are increasingly being used for medical monitoring. These devices can track:

  • Heart rate and rhythm

  • Blood oxygen levels

  • Sleep patterns

  • Physical activity levels

  • Stress indicators

This continuous data collection allows for more comprehensive health monitoring between doctor visits.

Monitoring services are poised to continue incredible growth over the next several years, as depicted in the following chart (Gupta, 2024).

Source: Appinventiv

AI-powered predictive analytics for early intervention

By analyzing data from wearables, electronic health records (EHRs), and other sources, AI algorithms can predict health risks and recommend early interventions.

Some applications can help clinicians to:

  • Predict heart attacks or strokes based on subtle changes in vital signs

  • Identify patients at risk of developing diabetes

  • Forecast mental health crises based on behavioral patterns

Genomics and telehealth integration for tailored treatments

genetic markers

The combination of telehealth and genomic medicine is opening up new possibilities for personalized treatment plans. Patients can now receive genetic counseling and testing remotely, with results informing tailored treatment recommendations.

For example, pharmacogenomic testing can help determine which medications are likely to be most effective for a particular patient based on their genetic profile. 

Remote medication management and adherence monitoring

Poor medication adherence is a major challenge in healthcare, contributing to worse health outcomes and increased costs. Telehealth-enabled medication management tools can help by:

  • Sending reminders to take medications

  • Tracking medication usage through smart pill bottles or ingestible sensors

  • Allowing remote adjustments to medication regimens

  • Providing education about medications and potential side effects

As telehealth grows, we need to update the rules and regulations that guide its use.

Regulatory Landscape and Telehealth Adoption

Law books and scales with plant and shield

The rapid growth of telehealth has prompted significant regulatory changes, with more likely to come as the technology continues to evolve.

Evolving reimbursement policies for virtual care

One of the biggest barriers to telehealth adoption has been inconsistent reimbursement policies. However, the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant policy changes:

  • Medicare expanded coverage for telehealth services.

  • Many private insurers increased telehealth coverage.

  • Some states mandated payment parity between in-person and virtual visits.

As we move forward, key questions include:

  • Will expanded telehealth coverage become permanent?

  • How will reimbursement rates for virtual care compare to in-person visits?

  • What types of telehealth services will be covered?

Data privacy and security considerations in telehealth

medical papers and stethoscope

The growth of telehealth raises important questions about patient data privacy and security. Key concerns include ways to:

  • Ensure secure transmission of sensitive medical information

  • Protect patient data stored in telehealth platforms

  • Maintain privacy during video visits

Healthcare providers and telehealth companies must comply with regulations like HIPAA in the U.S.

Licensing and cross-state practice regulations

Traditionally, healthcare providers have been limited to practicing in states where they hold a license. This poses challenges for telehealth, which can easily cross state lines.

Some recent developments include:

  • The Interstate Medical Licensure Compact, which streamlines licensing for doctors in multiple states

  • Temporary waivers of state licensing requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic

  • Proposals for a national telemedicine license

Global telehealth initiatives and international cooperation

People around a globe

Telehealth has the potential to improve healthcare access globally, particularly in developing countries with limited medical infrastructure.

Some notable international telehealth initiatives include:

  • The World Health Organization’s Global Strategy on Digital Health

  • The European Union’s eHealth Network

  • The African Alliance of Digital Health Networks

Even with its many benefits, telehealth faces challenges that we must tackle to make it work for everyone.

Overcoming Challenges in Telehealth Implementation

While telehealth offers tremendous potential, several challenges must be addressed to ensure its effective and equitable implementation.

Addressing the digital divide and ensuring equitable access

The “digital divide” the gap between those who have access to technology and those who don’t poses a significant challenge for telehealth adoption.

Key issues include:

  • Lack of broadband internet access in rural areas

  • Limited digital literacy among some patient populations

  • Affordability of devices needed for telehealth

Potential solutions include:

  • Government initiatives to expand broadband access

  • Programs to provide telehealth-enabled devices to underserved populations

  • Digital literacy training for patients

Training healthcare providers in virtual care best practices

Many healthcare providers lack formal training in delivering care via telehealth. This can lead to suboptimal patient experiences and outcomes.

Key areas for provider training include:

  • Effective communication in virtual settings

  • Conducting remote physical exams

  • Managing technical issues during visits

  • Ensuring patient privacy and data security

Integrating telehealth with existing healthcare systems

For telehealth to reach its full potential, it needs to be seamlessly integrated with existing healthcare systems and workflows. This includes:

  • Integrating telehealth platforms with EHRs

  • Developing protocols for when to use telehealth vs. in-person care

  • Ensuring continuity of care between virtual and in-person visits

  • Adapting billing and administrative processes for telehealth

Health providers are set to invest heavily in virtual health applications in the next 5 to 10 years, as shown in the following chart (Gupta, 2024).

Source: Appinventiv

Managing patient expectations and building trust in virtual care

For many patients, telehealth represents a significant shift in how they receive care. Building trust and managing expectations is crucial for successful adoption.

Key considerations include how to:

A recent Health Information National Trends Survey found that 70% of U.S. adults with recent telehealth visits used audio-video, and 75% felt their telehealth visits were as good as in-person care (Spaulding et al., 2024). 

Conclusion

As technology advances and adoption grows, we can expect more personalized, accessible, and efficient care. However, success will depend on addressing challenges such as the digital divide and regulatory hurdles. 

By embracing AI and other technological innovations, we can create a healthcare system that truly meets the needs of patients in the digital age. Patients, providers, and policymakers must work together to shape this exciting future of healthcare.

References

Choi, H., & Paik, J. (2018). Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation. Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE; (133). doi.org/10.3791/56241

Deloitte. (2021). Medtech and the Internet of Medical Things: How connected medical devices are transforming health care. Retrieved from https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Documents/Life-Sciences-Health-Care/gx-lshc-medtech-iomt-brochure.pdf

General FAQs About the Compact. (n.d.). Interstate Medical Licensure Compact. Retrieved from https://www.imlcc.org/faqs/

Gupta, D. (2024). 7 Telemedicine Trends Shaping the Future of Healthcare. Appinventiv. Retrieved from https://appinventiv.com/blog/top-telehealth-trends/

Halterman, J. S., Tajon, R., Tremblay, P., Fagnano, M., Butz, A., Perry, T., & McConnochie, K. (2017). Development of School-Based Asthma Management Programs in Rochester, NY Presented in Honor of Dr. Robert Haggerty. Academic Pediatrics; 17(6), 595. doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.04.008 

Hubley, S., Lynch, S. B., Schneck, C., Thomas, M., & Shore, J. (2016). Review of key telepsychiatry outcomes. World Journal of Psychiatry, 6(2), 269–282. doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v6.i2.269

Marley, R. (2021). 8 key trends driving the future of telehealth. Healthcare Transformers. Retrieved from https://healthcaretransformers.com/digital-health/current-trends/future-of-telehealth/

More care close to home. (2024). MayoClinic. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/about-mayo-clinic/care-network/more-care-close-to-home

Spaulding, E. M., Fang, M., Chen, Y., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Himmelfarb, C. R., Martin, S. S., & Coresh, J. (2024). Satisfaction with Telehealth Care in the United States: Cross-Sectional Survey. Telemed J E Health. 2024 Jun;30(6):1549-1558. doi:10.1089/tmj.2023.0531

How to Choose the Best Remote Patient Monitoring Devices 

How to Choose the Best Remote Patient Monitoring Devices 

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has become a cornerstone of modern healthcare, as the global RPM systems market is projected to be worth over $1.7 billion by 2027. As healthcare providers and patients navigate this growing market, it’s crucial to choose the best remote patient monitoring devices.

This guide will walk you through the key factors to consider when selecting RPM devices, so you can make informed decisions that benefit patients and healthcare teams.

Contents

RPM Basics

The basics of RPM describes the:

  • Definition of remote patient monitoring

  • Benefits for patients and healthcare providers

  • Types of health conditions suitable for RPM

Comparing Different RPM Device Types

RPM devices come in various forms, each with its own strengths and limitations. Let’s explore the main types.

Wearable devices

Elderly hands on smartwatch

Wearable devices like smartwatches and patches offer continuous monitoring with minimal disruption to the patient’s daily life. They’re useful for tracking metrics like heart rate, activity levels, and sleep patterns.

Example: The Apple Watch Series can monitor blood oxygen levels, a feature especially useful for patients with respiratory conditions.

Home-based monitoring systems

These devices are designed for periodic measurements at home. They’re typically used for monitoring vital signs like blood pressure, weight, and blood glucose levels.

For instance, smart scales measure weight and body composition, and some can even detect subtle changes that might indicate fluid retention—a potential sign of heart failure.

Implantable devices

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

For certain conditions, implantable devices offer the most comprehensive and continuous monitoring. These are typically used for serious cardiac conditions.

Modern implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) can monitor heart rhythm continuously and transmit data to healthcare providers, allowing for early detection of potentially life-threatening arrhythmias (Sahu et al., 2023).

Assessing Patient Needs and Preferences

Choosing the right RPM device isn’t just about the technology—it’s about finding a solution that fits the patient’s lifestyle and capabilities.

Consider the patient’s age and tech-savviness

Older man with white hair using tablet

Not all patients are equally comfortable with technology. When selecting an RPM device, consider the patient’s familiarity with digital devices.

For older adults or those less comfortable with technology, look for devices with simple, straightforward interfaces. Some blood pressure monitors, for instance, require just a single button press to take a reading and automatically sync data to a smartphone app.

Evaluate mobility and dexterity requirements

Some patients may have physical limitations that make certain devices harder to use. Consider devices that are easy to handle and don’t require complex movements.

For example, wrist-worn blood pressure monitors can be easier for patients with arthritis to use compared to traditional upper arm cuffs.

Address privacy and security concerns

Many patients are concerned about the privacy and security of their health data. Look for devices and systems that prioritize data protection.

Ensure that the RPM system you choose complies with HIPAA regulations and uses strong encryption methods to protect patient data during transmission and storage.

Key Features to Look for in RPM Devices

When evaluating RPM devices, it’s crucial to focus on several key features that can make or break your experience. 

Data accuracy and reliability

Black woman gold top showing phone with glucose meter on arm

The cornerstone of any effective RPM system is its ability to provide accurate and reliable data. After all, what good is a monitoring device if you can’t trust the information it provides?

Look for devices that have been clinically validated and FDA-approved. These certifications ensure that the device has undergone rigorous testing and meets high standards for accuracy. 

Example: The Dexcom G7 continuous glucose monitor has been shown to have a mean absolute relative difference (MARD) of 8.2%, indicating high accuracy in measuring blood glucose levels.

Ease of use for patients

The success of an RPM program depends in part on patient adherence. If a device is too complicated or cumbersome to use, patients are less likely to use it.

Consider devices with intuitive interfaces and clear instructions. For instance, some blood pressure monitors feature large, easy-to-read displays and one-touch operation, making them ideal for older adults or those with limited dexterity.

Battery life and power options

Nothing’s more frustrating than a device that constantly needs charging or battery replacement. Look for devices with long battery life or convenient charging options.

Some wearable devices, like certain fitness trackers, can last up to a week on a single charge. Others, like certain blood glucose monitors, use replaceable batteries that can last for months.

Connectivity options (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, cellular)

WiFi signal over city buildings

Consider how the RPM device transmits data. Different connectivity options offer various benefits:

  • Bluetooth: Ideal for short-range communication with smartphones or tablets.

  • Wi-Fi: Allows for direct data transmission to the cloud when in range of a network.

  • Cellular: Offers the most flexibility, allowing data transmission from anywhere with cellular coverage.

For example, some modern pacemakers can transmit data via cellular networks, allowing for continuous monitoring without the need for a separate transmitter.

Compatibility with Existing Healthcare Systems

RPM systems should fit into existing workflows seamlessly. Here’s what to look for.

Integration with electronic health records (EHR)

worker looking at 3 monitors on desk

An RPM system that integrates with your EHR can streamline data management and improve efficiency. Look for systems that offer API integration or direct data transfer to your EHR system.

For instance, some RPM platforms can automatically populate patient data into EHR systems like Epic or Cerner, saving time and reducing the risk of data entry errors.

Data transmission and storage capabilities

Consider how the RPM system handles data transmission and storage. Look for systems that offer:

  • Real-time data transmission

  • Secure cloud storage

  • Custom alerts based on patient data

Some advanced RPM systems use AI algorithms to analyze patient data and predict potential health issues before they become serious.

Compliance with HIPAA and other regulations

Ensuring compliance with healthcare regulations is non-negotiable. Choose RPM systems that are designed with HIPAA compliance in mind.

Look for features like:

  • End-to-end encryption

  • Secure user authentication

  • Audit trails for data access

Remember, HIPAA compliance isn’t just about the technology—it also involves proper training and protocols for staff using the RPM system.

Evaluating Cost and Insurance Coverage

While the benefits of RPM are clear, cost considerations are important for both healthcare providers and patients. 

Initial device costs

The upfront cost of RPM devices can vary widely. Simple devices like blood pressure monitors may cost less than $100, while more advanced systems can run thousands of dollars.

Consider the long-term value rather than just the initial cost. A more expensive device that offers better accuracy and reliability could be more cost-effective in the long run.

Subscriptions and service fees

Calculator

Many RPM systems involve ongoing fees for data storage, analysis, and support. These costs can add up over time, so it’s important to factor them into your decision.

Some providers offer all-inclusive packages that cover the device, data transmission, and analysis for a fixed monthly fee. This can make budgeting more predictable.

Reimbursement options and insurance coverage

The good news is that many insurance plans cover RPM services, including Medicare. However, coverage can vary depending on the specific device and condition being monitored.

Medicare reimburses for RPM services under CPT codes 99453, 99454, 99457, and 99458. Use these codes to cover device setup, data transmission, and time spent on RPM-related care for your Medicare patients.

Assessing Vendor Support and Reliability

The relationship with your RPM vendor doesn’t end when you purchase the system. Ongoing support is crucial for the success of your RPM program. Here’s what to look for.

Customer service and technical support

Customer service reps

Look for vendors that offer comprehensive support, including:

  • 24/7 technical assistance

  • Multiple support channels (phone, email, chat)

  • Resources for patient education

Some vendors even offer dedicated account managers to help healthcare providers optimize their RPM programs.

Device maintenance and updates

RPM technology is constantly evolving. Choose a vendor that provides regular software updates and has a clear process for hardware maintenance or replacement.

For example, some vendors offer automatic over-the-air updates for their devices, ensuring they’re always running the latest software.

Training for healthcare providers and patients

Demo of a CPR mask

The success of an RPM program often hinges on proper training. Look for vendors that offer comprehensive training programs for both healthcare providers and patients.

This may include:

  • In-person or virtual training sessions

  • Online resources and tutorials

  • Ongoing education about new features or best practices

Some vendors even offer patient onboarding services to help get your RPM program up and running smoothly.

Conclusion

Choosing the right RPM system or device involves careful consideration of various factors, from technical specifications to patient needs and regulatory compliance. By focusing on these key areas, you can select an RPM solution that enhances patient care, improves outcomes, and integrates seamlessly with your existing healthcare routine.

The goal is to find devices that monitor health effectively and integrate seamlessly into patients’ lives and your healthcare workflows. Take the time to thoroughly evaluate your options, and don’t hesitate to ask vendors for demonstrations or trial periods before making a decision.

With the right RPM system in place, you can provide more personalized care to your patients, no matter where they are. Stay informed about the latest options so you can make the best choices for your patients and practice. 

References

A Comprehensive Guide to Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM). (2023). Prevounce. Retrieved from https://www.prevounce.com/a-comprehensive-guide-to-remote-patient-monitoring

Krupa, A. Senior monitoring systems: How to find the option that’s best for your loved one. Care. Retrieved from https://www.care.com/c/remote-monitoring-for-seniors/

Sahu, P., Acharya, S., & Totade, M. (2023). Evolution of Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs) in Cardiology. Cureus, 15(10). doi.org/10.7759/cureus.46389

The technology, devices, and benefits of remote patient monitoring in the healthcare industry. (2023). Emarketer. Retrieved from

https://www.emarketer.com/insights/remote-patient-monitoring-industry-explained

Remote Patient Monitoring: Improving Chronic Disease Management 

Remote Patient Monitoring: Improving Chronic Disease Management 

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

Chronic diseases affect millions worldwide, placing a significant burden on healthcare systems. The World Health Organization reports that chronic diseases account for 74% of all deaths globally. One of the most promising methods of chronic disease management is remote patient monitoring (RPM). Let’s explore how RPM helps people with chronic disease have a better quality of life.

Contents

What is Remote Patient Monitoring?

RPM is a healthcare delivery method that uses technology to collect patient data outside of traditional healthcare settings. But what exactly does this mean for patients and healthcare providers?

Definition of remote patient monitoring

RPM involves using digital technologies to gather and transmit health data from patients to healthcare providers. This allows for continuous monitoring of a patient’s health status without the need for frequent in-person visits.

Key components of RPM systems

ECG monitor closeup on stomach

A typical RPM system consists of several essential components:

  1. Sensing devices: These collect patient data such as blood pressure, heart rate, or blood glucose levels.

  2. Data transmission: The collected data is sent securely to healthcare providers.

  3. Data analysis: Healthcare professionals review and interpret the data.

  4. Patient interface: Patients can view their data and receive feedback through apps or web portals.

  5. Alert systems: Automated alerts notify healthcare providers of any concerning changes in a patient’s condition (Peyroteo et al., 2021).

Types of data collected through RPM

RPM systems can collect various kinds of health data, including:

This comprehensive data collection allows healthcare providers to gain a more complete picture of a patient’s health over time.

Common Chronic Diseases Managed with RPM

RPM is effective in managing many kinds of chronic conditions. Let’s look at some of the most common diseases that benefit from RPM.

Heart disease, CHF, and hypertension

RPM plays a crucial role in cardiovascular disease management, including heart disease, chronic heart failure (CHF), and hypertension (Zhang, et al., 2023). 

Patients can regularly monitor their blood pressure, heart rate, and other vital signs at home. This continuous monitoring helps healthcare providers to adjust medications and interventions as needed, which may prevent heart attacks and strokes.

Diabetes

Woman sticking herself with insulin needle

For patients with diabetes, RPM can be a game-changer. Continuous glucose monitoring systems allow for real-time tracking of blood sugar levels, helping patients and healthcare providers make informed decisions about insulin dosing and lifestyle changes. Studies have shown that RPM can lead to significant improvements in HbA1c levels, a key indicator of long-term blood sugar control.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Woman on dialysis machine

RPM is becoming increasingly important in kidney care by using technology to support patients who need renal replacement therapy (RRT). 

RPM can improve patient outcomes, reduce hospital stays, and enhance treatment adherence. It also saves time and money for both patients and healthcare providers. A care plan for chronic kidney disease that includes RPM can help with patient education, CKD self-management, and home dialysis care. They can increase patient independence and improve their quality of life (Mata-Lima, 2024).

Asthma

Boy in bed using inhaler

For asthma patients, RPM can help track symptoms, medication use, and lung function. This information allows healthcare providers to adjust treatment plans and identify triggers, leading to better asthma control. A review of RPM interventions for asthma found improvements in quality of life and reductions in emergency department visits.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

COPD patients can benefit greatly from RPM. When health providers monitor oxygen levels, lung function, and symptoms, they can detect exacerbations early and intervene before hospitalization becomes necessary.

 

Anemia

Anemia, a condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, affects millions worldwide. It can lead to fatigue, weakness, and other health complications. RPM can helps manage anemia in many ways:

  • Early Detection: RPM can help detect anemia-related complications early by collecting data on patients’ blood oxygen levels and other indicators. This allows for timely interventions, reducing the risk of severe health issues.

Now let’s look at specific benefits of using RPM to manage chronic conditions.

Benefits of RPM for Chronic Disease Management

Implementing RPM in chronic disease management has several advantages for both patients and healthcare systems. 

Early detection of health issues

One of the most significant advantages of RPM is its ability to detect potential health issues early. By continuously monitoring patient data, healthcare providers can identify concerning trends or sudden changes before they become serious problems. This proactive approach can lead to timely interventions and prevent complications (Peyroteo et al., 2021).

Improved medication adherence

Medication adherence is crucial for managing chronic diseases effectively. RPM systems often include medication reminders and tracking features, which can significantly improve adherence rates. A review of multiple studies found that RPM interventions increased medication adherence by an average of 22%.

Better patient engagement and self-management

Man taking pulse oximeter reading

RPM empowers patients to take an active role in managing their health. A real-world use study reported RPM helps better adherence to CHF treatment regimens (Patrick et al., 2023). And RPM adherence is associated with better patient outcomes (Sabatier et al., 2022).

By providing real-time feedback and educational resources, these systems help patients better understand their conditions and make informed decisions about their care. This increased engagement can lead to improved health outcomes and quality of life for those living with chronic diseases (Peyroteo et al., 2021).

Reduced hospital readmissions

ER and urgent care entrance

RPM has shown promising results in reducing hospital readmissions for patients with chronic conditions. 

A study published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research found that RPM reduced 30-day hospital readmissions by 76% for patients with heart failure (Bashi et al., 2017). And another study showed a reduction in hospitalizations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using RPM (Polsky et al., 2023).

Fewer trips back to the hospital improves patient outcomes and helps reduce healthcare costs.

Cost savings and effectiveness

Noninvasive RPM can be cost-effective compared to traditional methods for managing chronic disease (De Guzman et al., 2022).

RPM requires an initial investment in equipment and training. But over the long run, it can reduce healthcare costs long-term by preventing expensive health events like hospital readmissions, although those savings may take time to manifest. Technology advances may lower costs over time.

The level of cost-effectiveness also varies by disease and context. Studies on hypertension, COPD, and heart failure show the highest benefits for hypertension. Effectiveness depends on patient targeting and integration into existing healthcare systems. Local factors and clinical settings influence RPM’s cost-effectiveness, which emphasizes the need for tailored implementation plans.

RPM Technologies and Devices

The success of remote patient monitoring relies heavily on the technologies and devices used to collect and transmit patient data. Let’s explore some of the key tools in the RPM arsenal.

Wearable devices and sensors

Black woman smiling at phone with glucose meter on arm

Wearable technology has come a long way in recent years. These devices can now track a wide range of health metrics, including:

Many of these devices are designed to be comfortable and discreet, allowing for continuous monitoring without disrupting daily life.

Mobile health apps

Mobile health apps serve as the interface between patients and their health data. These apps often provide:

  • Data visualization and trends

  • Medication reminders

  • Educational resources

  • Communication tools for connecting with healthcare providers

The user-friendly nature of these apps makes it easier for patients to stay engaged with their health management.

Home-based monitoring equipment

Black man using his blood pressure monitor at home

For more specialized monitoring, home-based equipment can provide detailed health information. This may include:

These devices are designed to be easy to use, allowing patients to take accurate measurements at home.

Data transmission and analysis platforms

The backbone of any RPM system is the platform that receives, stores, and analyzes patient data. These platforms use secure cloud-based systems to:

  • Aggregate data from multiple sources

  • Apply algorithms to detect patterns and anomalies

  • Generate alerts for healthcare providers

  • Provide detailed reports for clinical decision-making

How to Implement RPM in a Healthcare Setting

While the benefits of RPM are clear, implementing these systems in healthcare settings can be challenging. Here are some key considerations for successful RPM implementation.

Choose the right RPM solution

Selecting an appropriate RPM solution is crucial for success. Healthcare providers should consider:

  • The specific needs of their patient population

  • Integration capabilities with existing electronic health record systems

  • User-friendliness for both patients and healthcare staff

  • Scalability to accommodate future growth

It’s important to evaluate multiple options and pilot test solutions before full implementation.

Train healthcare providers and patients

Nurse going over a chart with patient

Proper training is essential for both healthcare providers and patients to ensure effective use of RPM systems. This may include:

  • Hands-on training sessions for healthcare staff

  • Patient education materials and support resources

  • Ongoing technical support for troubleshooting issues

Investing in comprehensive training can significantly improve adoption rates and overall success of RPM programs.

Integrate RPM with existing health IT systems

Seamless integration with existing health information technology systems is crucial for success with RPM, which allows for:

  • Automatic data transfer to electronic health records

  • Streamlined workflow for healthcare providers

  • Comprehensive patient health profiles

A smooth integration takes a collaborative effort between IT teams, RPM vendors, and healthcare staff.

Address privacy and security concerns

As with any system handling sensitive health information, privacy and security are paramount in RPM. Healthcare organizations must:

  • Implement robust data encryption measures

  • Ensure compliance with HIPAA and other relevant regulations

  • Regularly audit and update security protocols

  • Educate patients on best practices for protecting their health data

Overcoming Challenges in RPM Adoption

While RPM offers numerous benefits, there are several challenges that healthcare organizations must address for successful adoption.

Man holding Medicare card

Reimbursement and insurance coverage

One of the primary barriers to RPM adoption has been uncertainty around reimbursement. However, recent changes in healthcare policies have improved the situation:

  • Medicare now provides reimbursement for certain RPM services

  • Many private insurers are following suit because they understand the cost-saving potential of RPM

Healthcare providers should stay informed about evolving reimbursement policies and advocate for expanded coverage.

Patient compliance and technology acceptance

Glucose meter on hand with a blood drop

For RPM to be effective, patients must consistently use the provided monitoring devices and follow recommended protocols. Strategies to improve compliance include:

  • Selecting user-friendly devices and apps

  • Providing ongoing patient education and support

  • Using motivational techniques, such as gamification or reward programs

  • Tailoring RPM programs to individual patient needs and preferences

Data management and interpretation

The large volume of data generated by RPM systems can be overwhelming for healthcare providers. To address this challenge:

  • Implement robust data analytics tools to identify meaningful trends and anomalies

  • Provide training for healthcare staff on data interpretation

  • Develop clear protocols for responding to alerts and abnormal readings

  • Consider incorporating artificial intelligence to assist with data analysis

As RPM technology evolves, regulatory frameworks are struggling to keep pace. Healthcare organizations must navigate:

  • Evolving FDA regulations for medical devices and software

  • State-specific telemedicine laws and licensing requirements

  • International considerations for cross-border remote care

Staying informed about regulatory changes and working with legal experts can help organizations navigate these complex issues.

The Future of RPM in Chronic Disease Management

As technology continues to advance, the future of RPM in chronic disease management looks promising. Here are some exciting developments on the horizon.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning integration

AI and machine learning take RPM to the next level as they can:

Expansion of RPM to new disease areas

While RPM has proven effective for common chronic conditions, we’re likely to see its application expand to other areas, such as:

  • Mental health monitoring

  • Neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease

  • Post-surgical recovery and rehabilitation

  • Rare diseases that require specialized monitoring

Potential for population health management

People around a globe

RPM data, when aggregated and analyzed at a population level, can provide valuable insights for public health initiatives. This could lead to:

  • More targeted health interventions

  • Improved resource allocation in healthcare systems

  • Better understanding of disease trends and risk factors

  • Enhanced ability to respond to public health crises

Evolving healthcare policies and regulations

As RPM becomes more widespread, we can expect to see:

  • Continued expansion of reimbursement policies

  • Development of standardized guidelines for RPM implementation

  • Increased focus on interoperability standards for health data exchange

  • Greater emphasis on patient data ownership and privacy rights

Conclusion 

RPM offers a proactive approach to chronic disease management that benefits both patients and providers. By enabling continuous, real-time health tracking and timely interventions, RPM can significantly improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and enhance the quality of life for those living with chronic conditions.

As technology continues to advance and healthcare systems adapt, the role of RPM in chronic disease management will likely expand, paving the way for more personalized and efficient healthcare delivery. Embracing this innovative approach can lead to a healthier future for millions of people worldwide.

References

Bashi, N., Karunanithi, M., Fatehi, F., Ding, H., & Walters, D. (2017). Remote Monitoring of Patients With Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research; 19(1). doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6571

Centellas-Pérez, F. J., Ortega-Cerrato, A., et al. (2023). Impact of Remote Monitoring on Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Peritoneal Dialysis. Clinical Research; 9(2),266-276. doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2023.10.034

De Guzman, K. R., Snoswell, C. L., Taylor, M. L., Gray, L. C., & Caffery, L. J. (2022). Economic Evaluations of Remote Patient Monitoring for Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review. Value in Health; 25(6), 897-913. doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2021.12.001

Fakunle, A. (2022). The Future of Healthcare: How Remote Patient Monitoring Transforms Healthcare. Cleverdev Software. Retrieved from https://www.cleverdevsoftware.com/blog/the-future-of-healthcare

Mata-Lima, A., Paquete, A. R., & Serrano-Olmedo, J. J. (2024). Remote patient monitoring and management in nephrology: A systematic review. Nefrología. doi.org/10.1016/j.nefro.2024.01.005

Noncommunicable diseases. (2023). World Health Orgination (WHO). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases

Patrick, J., Picard, F., Girerd, N., et al. (2023). Security and performance of remote patient monitoring for chronic heart failure with Satelia® Cardio: first results from real-world use. Journal of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; 8:042–50. doi:10.29328/journal.jccm.1001152

Peyroteo, M., Ferreira, I. A., Elvas, L. B., Ferreira, J. C., & Lapão, L. V. (2021). Remote Monitoring Systems for Patients With Chronic Diseases in Primary Health Care: Systematic Review. JMIR MHealth and UHealth; 9(12). doi.org/10.2196/28285

Polsky, M., Moraveji, N., Hendricks, A., Teresi, R. K., Murray, R., & Maselli D. J. (2023). Use of Remote Cardiorespiratory Monitoring is Associated with a Reduction in Hospitalizations for Subjects with COPD. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; 18:219-229. doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S388049

Sabatier, R., Legallois, D., Jodar, M., et al. (2022). Impact of patient engagement in a French telemonitoring programme for heart failure on hospitalization and mortality. ESC Heart Failure; 9(5):2886–2898. doi:10.1002/ehf2.13978

Telehealth Interventions to Improve Chronic Disease. (2024). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/cardiovascular-resources/php/data-research/telehealth.html

Zhang, Y., Peña, M. T., Fletcher, L. M., Lal, L., Swint, J. M., & Reneker, J. C. (2023). Economic evaluation and costs of remote patient monitoring for cardiovascular disease in the United States: a systematic review. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care;39(1):e25. doi:10.1017/S0266462323000156

Amwell Telehealth Review: Is It Right for Your Healthcare Needs?

Amwell Telehealth Review: Is It Right for Your Healthcare Needs?

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

In an era where digital healthcare is becoming increasingly prevalent, Amwell is a prominent player in the telehealth arena. But how does Amwell stack up against its competitors?

This in-depth Amwell telehealth review will explore the ins and outs of Amwell’s telehealth services, to help you decide if it’s the right choice for your healthcare needs.

Contents

What is Amwell and How Does It Work?

Amwell is a leading telehealth platform that connects patients with healthcare providers digitally. 

You can access their services from virtually anywhere with internet access or their mobile app. From urgent care to behavioral health, Amwell’s platform is designed to cater to various healthcare needs. 

Available medical services 

Screenshots from Amwell app in Apple's app store
Source: Apple App Store

Amwell offers a broad spectrum of medical services, including:

  • Primary Care: General health consultations.

  • Urgent Care: Immediate care for non-emergency conditions.

  • Behavioral Health: Therapy and counseling services.

  • Specialist Appointments: Access to dermatologists, dietitians, and more.

  • Prescriptions: Medication management and prescription refills.

How to schedule and start a virtual doctor visit 

Scheduling an appointment with Amwell is straightforward:

  1. Enroll: Create an account on the Amwell platform.
  2. Choose: Select a doctor based on their experience and ratings.
  3. Visit: Start your video call using secure, high-quality streaming video.

Most doctor visits last about 10 minutes, but you can extend the time if needed. These doctors can review your medical history, diagnose conditions, and prescribe medications if necessary.

Technical requirements

Older man talking to doctor on tablet - Tima Miroshnichenko
Source: Tima Miroshnichenko (Pexels)

To use Amwell, you need:

  • A computer or mobile device.

  • A stable internet connection.

  • The Amwell app or access to the web-based platform.

If you’re unable to use video, you can call for an audio-only (phone) visit as well. However, you may not be able to obtain a new prescription with an audio-only visit, depending on the state where you live.

Amwell’s Features and Benefits

Next, let’s review Amwell’s valuable features and benefits.

24/7 availability for urgent care

One of the standout features of Amwell is its 24/7 availability. You can access urgent care services anytime, even in the middle of the night or on a holiday. 

Range of specialists available

Doctor talking to patient on laptop by Tima Miroshnichenko
Source: Tima Miroshnichenko (Pexels)

You can choose from a variety of specialists at Amwell, including therapists, neurologists, dermatologists, and dietitians. This broad range of services ensures that you can find the right expert for your specific healthcare needs. 

Some examples of conditions Amwell’s urgent care doctors treat include:

  • Acute Bronchitis

                                      
  • Headache

                                   
  • Fever & Flu

                                    
  • Back pain

     
  • UTI   

                                                         
  • Respiratory Infection 

               
  • Sprains and strains   

                                                 
  • Diarrhea    

                                    
  • Exacerbations of chronic disease (asthma, diabetes)


103,000 providers conducted visits via Amwell in 2023.

Prescription services and management

Amwell doctors can prescribe medications and send them directly to your preferred pharmacy. This is particularly helpful to manage ongoing treatments and chronic conditions, and get your necessary medications fast. 

Note: A video visit is required by most states (not an audio-only visit) before Amwell can prescribe medication.

Integration with health insurance plans

Amwell works with several health insurance providers, making it easier for patients to get covered services. They also offer options for uninsured patients. Let’s dig into that a bit more, shall we?

Cost and Insurance Coverage

Understanding costs and insurance coverage is crucial when considering a telehealth service. This section discusses Amwell’s pricing.

Health insurance on paper

Amwell pricing 

The costs you pay for Amwell visits vary by visit type and insurance coverage:

  • Urgent Care: The cost starts at $69, unless your insurance co-pay is lower. 
  • Mental Health: Therapy sessions range from $99 to $110, depending on the therapist’s qualifications. 
  • Psychiatry: The initial visit for a psychiatric consultation is more expensive at $279. Follow-up visits with the same provider are $109 per visit.

Amwell works with many insurance companies, which can lower your costs. Before booking an appointment, check with your insurance provider. If you don’t have insurance, Amwell still offers competitive pricing.

Comparison with traditional in-person visits

Telehealth visits on Amwell are often more affordable than traditional in-person visits. The convenience of not having to travel and the ability to access care at any time makes it even more cost-effective.

Insurance plans accepted by Amwell

Amwell partners with various insurance companies, including Aetna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, UnitedHealthcare, and Anthem. Many insurance plans cover urgent care and mental health (behavioral health) services to reduce out-of-pocket costs. 

Over 100 million members have Amwell as a covered benefit. To confirm insurance coverage and pricing, check with your insurance provider before making an appointment.

For those without insurance, Amwell offers competitive pricing for its services. The platform ensures that everyone can access quality healthcare, regardless of their insurance status.

A user-friendly platform is essential for effective telehealth services. Let’s examine Amwell’s interface next.

User Experience and Interface

An easy-to-use interface* is essential for a telehealth platform, and Amwell fits the bill.

Black woman smiling at phone with glucose meter on arm

Easy account creation and setup

Creating an account on Amwell is quick and straightforward. The platform guides you through the process, and securely stores your information for future visits.

Navigation of the Amwell app and website

Both the Amwell app and website are designed with user experience (UX) in mind. The intuitive layout makes it easy to find doctors, schedule appointments, and access medical records.

Quality of video consultations

Amwell uses high-quality streaming video for consultations, ensuring clear communication between patients and doctors. This feature is crucial for accurate diagnoses and effective treatment plans.

Patient support and resources

Amwell offers robust patient support, including FAQs, live chat, and phone support. These resources help users navigate the platform and resolve any issues they may encounter.

Is it safe to use Amwell services over the internet? How does Amwell ensure patient data is protected? We answer these questions next. 

Privacy and Security Measures

Privacy and security are paramount in telehealth services. Here’s how Amwell addresses privacy and security concerns.

Doctor showing a patient an app in green

HIPAA compliance and data protection

Amwell is fully compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), which ensures patient information is securely handled and protected.

Secure messaging and file sharing

The platform uses encrypted messaging and secure file-sharing protocols to protect patient data during communication and consultations.

Patient data storage and access policies

Amwell stores patient data securely, and you can access your medical records anytime. This transparency helps build trust and ensures you have control over your health information.

To provide a balanced view, let’s consider the advantages and potential drawbacks of using Amwell.

Pros and Cons of Using Amwell

Understanding patient feedback can provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of a telehealth service. And like any service, Amwell has its advantages and potential drawbacks. 

Amwell has mixed reviews from users. Amwell offers competitive pricing and a wide range of services compared to other telehealth providers. 

While many praise the convenience and quality of care, others expressed dissatisfaction with customer service, appointment scheduling, and reliability. 

Here’s what people who’ve used Amwell had to say about their experience.

Amwell’s advantages

Amwell’s platform includes all the benefits of a telehealth platform: 

  • Convenience: Access healthcare from anywhere at any time from a user-friendly interface.

  • Range of Services: From urgent care to specialist consultations.

  • Cost-Effective: Often cheaper than in-person visits.

  • Insurance Integration: Works with many insurance providers.

J.D. Power has recognized Amwell for its high customer satisfaction for several years. Amwell ranked No. 1 in the J.D. Power 2020 U.S. Telehealth Satisfaction Study, and only dropped to third place in 2023 behind CVS (1st) and MDLive (2nd).

Potential drawbacks

Based on reviews from those who’ve used Amwell, there are a few issues you may encounter, such as:

Conclusion

Doctor showing something in hands to patient on laptop
Source: Tima Miroshnichenko (Pexels)

Amwell’s telehealth platform provides convenient, accessible, and cost-effective healthcare services. With its wide range of services, 24/7 availability, and integration with many insurance plans, it’s a solid option for those seeking virtual healthcare. However, like any telehealth service, there are areas for improvement. 

Whether you’re looking for urgent care, specialist consultations, or mental health services, Amwell provides a comprehensive solution that could meet your various healthcare needs. Consider your specific healthcare needs, the types of services you require, and your comfort level with virtual consultations when deciding if Amwell is right for you. 

* I offer UX copywriting and content design services.

More of the Best Telehealth Apps

References

Amwell. (n.d.). Trustpilot. Retrieved from https://www.trustpilot.com/review/amwell.com

Amwell for patients: How it works. (n.d.). Amwell. Retrieved from https://patients.amwell.com/how-it-works

Amwell for patients: Online doctor visits, 24/7. (n.d.). Amwell. Retrieved from https://patients.amwell.com

Amwell Ranked No. 1 in the J.D. Power 2020 U.S. Telehealth Satisfaction Survey. (2020). Amwell. Retrieved from 

https://business.amwell.com/about-us/news/press-releases/2020/amwell-ranked-no-1-in-the-j-d-power-2020-u-s-telehealth-satisfaction-study

Enabling hybrid care at scale. (n.d.). Amwell. Retrieved from https://business.amwell.com/

Mixed reviews for Amwell: Long Wait Times, Appointment Cancellations, and Billing Concerns. (n.d.). Kimola. Retrieved from https://kimola.com/reports/unlock-insights-with-amwell-customer-feedback-analysis-trustpilot-en-us-148604

Telehealth Mobile Apps: Preferred Channel for Virtual Care Delivery but Generational Difference Persits, J.D. Power Finds. (2023). J.D. Power. Retrieved from https://japan.jdpower.com/en/press-releases/2023_US_Telehealth_Satisfaction_Study

Telehealth for Rural Areas: Bridging the Healthcare Gap

Telehealth for Rural Areas: Bridging the Healthcare Gap

by Ree AI Health Tech

In the vast expanses of rural America, access to quality healthcare has long been a challenge. But telehealth can be a digital lifeline for these communities. According to the American Hospital Association, 76% of U.S. hospitals connect with patients through video and other technology. This underscores the growing importance of telehealth for rural areas where medical facilities are often few and far between. 

Let’s explore how this technology is making waves in rural healthcare, its benefits, challenges, and what the future holds.

Contents

Benefits of Telehealth for Rural Residents

Telehealth is changing healthcare delivery, particularly in rural areas where access to medical services can be limited. 

A man hitchhiking from a farm

In a survey of 202 adults living in a rural area, 88% of them were open to telehealth. When asked about barriers to show up for doctor appointments or receiving adequate healthcare, they cited several reasons (Kolluri et al., 2022):

  • The wait to see the doctor is too long – 32.7%

  • Too expensive – 24.8%

  • Lack of transportation – 22.8%

  • Schedule conflicts – 22.8%

  • Not sick – 15.8%

  • Distrust the quality of healthcare – 13.9%

  • Other – 4.5% (“My insurance isn’t accepted for at least 100 miles.”)

With this data, we can clearly see how telehealth can positively impact rural patients. Here are some specific benefits.

Better access to doctors with reduced travel

For many rural residents, visiting a doctor means traveling long distances, which can be costly and time-consuming. Finding a specialist is also challenging due to limited availability. 

Telehealth bridges this gap by connecting patients with specialists through video visits and online consultations, which eliminates the need for long travel (Butzner & Cuffee, 2021). Patients who receive care from the comfort of their homes save on transportation costs and reduce the need to take time off from work.

Faster access to care in emergencies

Tele-emergency services provide real-time access to emergency medicine physicians, allowing rural healthcare providers to manage emergencies more effectively (Rural Health Information Hub, 2024). This quick access can be crucial in life-threatening situations.

Increased continuity of care for chronic conditions

Black woman gold top showing phone with glucose meter on arm

Chronic disease management is vital for improving patient outcomes. Telehealth enables continuous monitoring and follow-up care, ensuring that patients with chronic conditions receive consistent and timely interventions.

Improved patient engagement and health outcomes

Telehealth encourages patients to take an active role in their healthcare. With tools like remote monitoring and mobile health apps, patients can track their health metrics and communicate with healthcare providers more frequently, leading to better health outcomes.

These benefits highlight how telehealth is making healthcare more accessible and effective for rural patients. However, implementing telehealth in these areas comes with its own set of challenges.

Success Stories: Rural Telehealth in Action

Many rural communities have successfully implemented telehealth programs with success stories to celebrate. Here are a few.

Effective telehealth programs 

Project ECHO®

Programs like Project ECHO® have connected rural healthcare providers with specialists, allowing for better management of complex cases (Rural Health Information Hub, 2024). These kinds of programs show the potential of telehealth to improve healthcare delivery in rural communities.

Hybrid healthcare in the South

Woman getting a shot in her arm

East Carolina University (ECU) developed a hybrid healthcare program to improve health outcomes for rural residents in that area. A nurse visits patients at home and connects them virtually with providers at health centers. 

This program allows patients to access various healthcare services, including consultations with pharmacists, while the nurse assesses their needs. The program has proven beneficial, as illustrated by a bed-bound diabetes patient who, after joining, received comprehensive care and reduced hospital visits. 

This hybrid approach combines telehealth with in-person visits to address barriers faced by rural patients, such as long travel distances to healthcare facilities. It also allows the clinical team to collaborative and address patients’ health issues, making them more discoverable and actionable. 

Mobile clinic for substance abuse in the Mid-Atlantic

Wide top white van driving down street

The University of Maryland (UMD) launched a telehealth program to address the shortage of healthcare providers for opioid use disorder (OUD) in rural areas, particularly after a care center in western Maryland lost its OUD provider. They partnered with health departments and secured funding from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to set up mobile clinics equipped with vans and computers. 

These clinics, staffed by a counselor, nurse, and peer recovery specialist, park in central locations to provide care. Telehealth plays a crucial role in expanding access to OUD treatment. This initiative has successfully served hundreds of people, reaching individuals who otherwise might not have access to treatment.

Emergency care access in rural hospitals in the Midwest

Two ambulances in front of Emergency entrance to hospital

In rural areas, residents face higher risks of death from accidents and strokes. Telehealth allows specially trained providers to assist rural hospital staff in delivering prompt emergency care, which is crucial for improving outcomes. 

One such case study comes from Sanford Health, which uses telehealth to improve emergency care access in rural hospitals across South Dakota, North Dakota, and Minnesota. Their program connects 32 rural emergency service locations to specialists through a virtual care hub. This hub allows rural staff to quickly consult with specialists on treating strokes, burns, and other traumas. 

The program’s success relies on technology, including two large monitors that allow specialists to access patient information from multiple sources simultaneously. 

Impact on local healthcare providers and clinics 

Telehealth allows rural clinics to offer a broader range of services, reducing the need for patient transfers and hospital bypasses. There can be caveats to this, but telehealth can improve the viability of rural healthcare facilities and helped retain healthcare providers in these areas. 

Economic benefits for rural communities 

Implementing telehealth can lead to economic benefits such as reduced patient transportation costs, increased local pharmacy revenues, and decreased hospital staffing costs.

These success stories illustrate the transformative impact telehealth can have on rural healthcare, providing a model for future initiatives.

While telehealth often leads to positive outcomes, its implementation in rural areas is not without obstacles.

Challenges in Implementing Rural Telehealth

Despite its advantages, telehealth implementation in rural areas faces several hurdles. Understanding these challenges is crucial for developing effective solutions.

Telehealth access for people experiencing homelessness

Man in homeless shelter

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) serve vulnerable, unhoused, and underinsured people in the U.S. 

During the COVID-19 pandemic, FQHCs set up telehealth in shelters and community organizations, used vans for mobile telehealth services, and gave smartphones and tablets to shelters to connect unhoused patients with primary care doctors and specialists. 

However, challenges remain, like unreliable phone and internet service. Post-pandemic, many unhoused patients still rely on phone visits instead of video visits (Azar et al, 2024).

Limited broadband internet access

Reliable internet is essential for telehealth services. Unfortunately, many rural areas lack the necessary broadband infrastructure, which can hinder the delivery of telehealth services.

Technology literacy and adoption among older populations

Older adults may struggle with using new technologies, which can limit their ability to benefit from telehealth services. Providing education and support is necessary to increase technology adoption among this demographic (Gurupur & Miao, 2022).

Regulatory and licensing inconsistencies

Telehealth often involves providing services across state lines, since technology allows for worldwide connections. This can lead to regulatory and licensing challenges. The requirements vary by state, which complicates the process for healthcare providers (Gurupur & Miao, 2022).

Reimbursement and insurance coverage complexities

Doctor on the phone

Insurance coverage for telehealth also varies, as some providers don’t reimburse certain types of care. For example, each state has different rules and regulations about the types of services that can be reimbursed by Medicaid. This inconsistency discourages some healthcare providers from offering telehealth services.

Privacy and security concerns in digital health platforms 

Protecting patient data is a top priority in telehealth. Ensuring that digital health platforms comply with privacy regulations like HIPAA is essential to maintain patient trust.

Language barriers

In a study by UC Davis in Sacramento with The University of Queensland in Brisbane, providers had mixed experiences with interpreter services during telehealth visits. Some found it challenging to use interpreters effectively through their clinic’s telehealth platform. In some cases, non-English speaking patients were asked to come to the clinic in person instead of using telehealth. One provider mentioned relying on family members for translation, but this wasn’t always possible (Azar et al, 2024). 

On the other hand, many providers said they could meet the needs of non-English speaking patients using available interpreter services. Some clinics had smooth workflows for integrating interpreters into telehealth visits, while others were still working on finding good solutions to this issue (Azar et al, 2024).

Addressing these challenges requires collaboration between policymakers, healthcare providers, and technology companies. By overcoming these obstacles, telehealth can become a more integral part of rural healthcare.

The Future of Telehealth in Rural Healthcare

Lin et al (2018) found that health centers located in rural areas were associated with a 10-percentage-point increase in the probability of telehealth use, and 12.2 percentage points more likely to use telehealth for mental health care, compared to those in urban areas. 

Several years later, technology continues to improve, and telehealth plays an even more important role in providing healthcare to people in rural communities. Here are some trends and developments to watch.

Emerging technologies enhancing telehealth capabilities 

Innovations like wearable devices and artificial intelligence (AI) are expanding the possibilities of telehealth. These technologies provide more comprehensive monitoring and personalized care.

Policy changes and initiatives regarding rural telehealth 

Governments and organizations recognize the importance of telehealth in rural areas. However, telehealth in those communities can negatively impact their local healthcare access, and several federal waivers are set to expire soon. 

Rural vs. urban healthcare systems

Empty winding road

A study by the University of Tennesee at Knoxville found that rural hospitals often lose patients to urban hospitals offering telehealth services. This shift results in financial strain for rural hospitals, affecting their investment choices and capital structure. As a result, some rural hospitals may have to cut back on staff, including doctors and nurses, or even close down intensive care units. And in extreme cases, this can lead to bankruptcy. 

These financial challenges arise because rural hospitals lose revenue when patients opt for telehealth services from urban providers. This situation is worsened because rural hospitals typically face higher financial risks. 

Policymakers and patients should consider these long-term financial impacts when using telehealth services, as they can have unintended negative consequences for rural healthcare providers. Initiatives aimed at expanding broadband access and simplifying regulatory processes are crucial for the continued growth of telehealth.

Federal waiver expirations

At the end of 2024, six federal waivers and provisions will end  unless the U.S. government takes further action:

  • Site Waivers: Temporary Medicare changes, including geographic and site flexibilities, are set to expire, which affects FQHCs and Rural Health Clinics (RHCs).

  • In-Person Follow-Ups for Mental Telehealth: A waiver that removes the need for an in-person visit within six months of an initial telemental health visit is expiring.
  • HSA Safe Harbor: Laws that allow high-deductible health plans to cover telehealth services without affecting health savings accounts is ending.
  • Controlled Substance Prescribing: The temporary Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) guidelines that allow telehealth providers to prescribe controlled substances without an in-person visit are set to expire.
  • Provider Privacy: Medicare telehealth providers currently have privacy regarding their location on claim forms, but this may change.
  • Acute Hospital Care at Home: A waiver that allows remote patient monitoring by eliminating the need for 24/7 on-site nursing is expiring.

Integration with other healthcare services and systems

Telehealth is becoming more integrated with traditional healthcare services, offering a seamless experience for patients. This integration can improve care coordination and ensure that telehealth complements in-person care effectively.

Potential for addressing healthcare disparities

Asian woman looking at phone in disgust

Telehealth has the potential to reduce healthcare disparities by providing equitable access to care for underserved populations. By making healthcare more accessible, telehealth can help address some of the systemic issues contributing to health disparities.

Conclusion

Quality healthcare should be equitable and available for everyone, regardless of their zip code. Telehealth can be a powerful tool to address the healthcare needs of rural communities. By breaking down geographical barriers, it’s bringing quality care to those who need it most. 

As technology advances and policies adapt, there are many opportunities for telehealth to further improve rural healthcare. By continuing to innovate and address existing challenges, telehealth can become a cornerstone of rural healthcare delivery.

Whether you’re a patient, provider, or policymaker, embracing telehealth could be the key to ensuring that everyone, regardless of location, has access to the care they deserve. The future of rural healthcare is here, and it’s digital. Are you ready to connect?

References

Azar, R., Chan, R., Sarkisian, M., Burns, R. D., Marcin, J. P. , Gotthardt, C. De Guzman, K. R., Rosenthal, J. L., & Haynes, S. C. (2024). Adapting telehealth to address health equity: Perspectives of primary care providers across the United States. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare; 1-7. doi:10.1177/1357633X241238780

Butzner, M., & Cuffee, Y. (2021). Telehealth Interventions and Outcomes Across Rural Communities in the United States: Narrative Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research; 23(8). doi.org/10.2196/29575

Expanding access to emergency care in rural hospitals. (2024). Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). Retrieved from https://telehealth.hhs.gov/community-stories/expanding-access-emergency-care-rural-hospitals

Gurupur, V. P., & Miao, Z. (2022). A brief analysis of challenges in implementing telehealth in a rural setting. MHealth; 8. doi.org/10.21037/mhealth-21-38

Home-based, hybrid health care in rural communities. (2024). Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). Retrieved from https://telehealth.hhs.gov/community-stories/home-based-hybrid-health-care-rural-communities

Kolluri, S., Stead, T. S., Mangal, R. K., Littell, J., & Ganti, L. (2022). Telehealth in Response to the Rural Health Disparity. Health Psychology Research; 10(3). doi.org/10.52965/001c.37445

Lin, C. C., Dievler, A. , Robbins, C., Sripipatana, A., Quinn, M. & Nair, S. (2018). Telehealth in Health Centers: Key Adoption Factors, Barriers, and Opportunities. Retrieved from 

https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05125

Mobile clinics for substance use disorder. (2024). Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). Retrieved from https://telehealth.hhs.gov/community-stories/mobile-clinics-substance-use-disorder

Stewart, H. (2024). Telehealth trends in 2024: Converging challenges on the virtual care frontier. CHG Healthcare. Retrieved from https://chghealthcare.com/blog/telehealth-trends

Telehealth and Health Information Technology in Rural Healthcare. (2024). Rural Health Information Hub. Retrieved from https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topics/telehealth-health-it

Telemedicine usage can have unexpected impact on rural communities’ access to local care. (2024). News Medical. Retrieved from https://www.news-medical.net/news/20240801/Telemedicine-usage-can-have-unexpected-impact-on-rural-communities-access-to-local-care.aspx

The Key Benefits of Telehealth in Rural Areas. (n.d.). Health Recovery Solutions. Retrieved from https://www.healthrecoverysolutions.com/blog/the-key-benefits-of-telehealth-in-rural-areas

Telehealth in Primary Care: Its Benefits and Limitations

Telehealth in Primary Care: Its Benefits and Limitations

by Ree Health Tech

Telehealth has dramatically changed how primary care is delivered, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyses of commercial claims in 2022 show that telehealth services were mostly rendered by primary care, psychiatry and psychology clinicians, as well as social workers. This shift expands healthcare access. It’s also introduced new challenges and opportunities for providers and patients that use telehealth in primary care. 

In this article, we’ll explore the various facets of telehealth in primary care, its benefits, challenges, and best practices for implementation.

Contents

Benefits of Telehealth in Primary Care

Let’s look at some advantages of using telehealth in a primary care practice.

Cost-effectiveness

Telehealth can be cost-effective for both healthcare providers and patients. It reduces overhead costs for healthcare facilities and lowers patient expenses related to transportation and time off work.

  • Reduced Overhead: Healthcare providers can save on costs related to office space, utilities, and administrative staff.
  • Lower Patient Costs: Patients save money on travel expenses and can avoid taking unpaid time off work for appointments.
  • Efficient Resource Use: Telehealth can help optimize the use of healthcare resources by reducing the need for in-person visits for minor issues.

Increased access to care

Elderly woman on Zoom with health provider

Telehealth has made healthcare more accessible, especially for those in remote or underserved areas. Patients no longer need to travel long distances to see a doctor. This is particularly beneficial for people with mobility issues or those without reliable transportation.

  • Remote Access: Telehealth allows patients in rural areas to access specialists and primary care providers without the need for travel.

  • Convenience: Patients can schedule appointments at times that work best for them, reducing the need to take time off work or arrange childcare.

  • Reduced Costs: Telehealth can save patients money on travel expenses and lost wages from taking time off work.

Improved patient engagement

Telehealth makes it easier for patients to stay in touch with their healthcare providers. This can lead to better patient adherence to treatment plans, and improved health outcomes (Hatef et al., 2024). A few specific telehealth offerings that help improve patient engagement are:

  • Continuous Monitoring: Telehealth allows for continuous monitoring of chronic conditions, allowing for prompt interventions.

  • Follow-Ups: Virtual follow-up appointments can ensure that patients are following their treatment plans and making necessary lifestyle changes.

  • Patient Education: Telehealth platforms can provide educational resources to help patients understand their conditions and treatments better.

Telehealth case management (TCM)

Black man using his blood pressure monitor at home

In a Canadian study, health providers noted that TCM helped them to effectively coordinate care and support patients’ self-management, including remote monitoring, which improves patient engagement between visits.  

TCM is well-suited for activities like check-ins, refills, reminders, and care coordination, but in-person appointments are often required for complex needs and initial assessments. Providers noted that video visits can help bridge the gap between in-person and phone visits, but the lack of face-to-face interaction can obscure visual health cues (Delahunty-Pike et al., 2023).

Phone visit attendance vs. video visits

A study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine compared non-attendance rates for telehealth and in-person primary care visits at a large urban healthcare system (Chen et al., 2022). The researchers found that telephone visits had similar or lower non-attendance rates compared to in-person visits, but video visits had higher non-attendance rates. This suggests that phone visits may be easier for patients than video visits.

They also identified certain demographic groups that had consistently higher or lower non-attendance rates across visit modalities. Patients who were White, male, and had public insurance or no insurance, and generally had higher non-attendance rates. In contrast, patients who were Asian or had more comorbidities had lower non-attendance rates.

These findings highlight the importance of considering patient preferences, digital access, and demographic factors when implementing telehealth services. 

Telehealth Challenges and Limitations

While telehealth has many advantages in healthcare, it also presents several challenges that healthcare providers and patients must navigate.

Frustrated woman with hand up and laptop

Technical barriers

The technical barrier is one of the biggest challenges people face when using telehealth. Some patients don’t have access to the necessary technology or the digital literacy to use telehealth platforms effectively.

  • Internet Connectivity: Reliable internet access is essential for telehealth, but not all patients have access to high-speed internet.
  • Access to Devices: Some patients may not have access to smartphones, tablets, or computers needed for telehealth visits.
  • Digital Literacy: Patients and providers need to be comfortable using telehealth technology.

Health insurance squeeze heart

Telehealth regulations and reimbursement policies vary widely, which can create challenges for healthcare providers (Mechanic et al., 2022).

  • Variable Regulations: Telehealth regulations differ by region, making it challenging for providers to navigate the legal landscape.

  • Reimbursement Challenges: Obtaining reimbursement for telehealth services can be difficult, as insurance policies and government programs may not always cover these services.

  • Licensing Issues: Providers may need to be licensed in the state where the patient is located, which can complicate the delivery of telehealth services.

Quality of care concerns

Some healthcare providers and patients are concerned about the quality of care delivered via telehealth. While telehealth can be effective for many types of care, it may not be suitable for all situations.

  • Physical Examinations: Certain conditions require a physical examination, which can be difficult to perform remotely.

Best Practices to Implement Telehealth in Primary Care

To successfully implement telehealth in a primary care practice, there are several best practices healthcare providers should consider.

Technology and infrastructure

Implementing telehealth successfully requires investment in reliable technology and infrastructure.

  • Reliable Platforms: Healthcare providers should invest in robust telehealth platforms that offer high-quality video and audio capabilities.

  • Cybersecurity: Protecting patient data is crucial. Providers should implement strong cybersecurity measures to ensure patient privacy.

  • Technical Support: Offering technical support to both patients and providers can help overcome some of the technical barriers to telehealth.

Training and support

Workplace presentation

Proper training and support are essential for both healthcare providers and patients to use telehealth effectively.

  • Provider Training: Healthcare providers should receive comprehensive training on how to use telehealth platforms and deliver care virtually.

  • Patient Support: Providing patients with resources and support can help them navigate telehealth platforms and feel more comfortable with virtual visits.

  • Ongoing Education: Continuous education for providers and patients can help keep them updated on best practices and new developments in telehealth.

Patient-centered approaches

patient lying on couch in therapist office

Health providers should customize telehealth options to meet the individual needs of their patients and ensure the best possible outcomes. Some ideas:

  • Personalized Care: Telehealth services should be customized to address the specific needs and preferences of each patient (Cannedy et al., 2023).

  • Managing Cost Expectations: It’s important to manage patient expectations around insurance coverage and reimbursement for telehealth, as uncertainty can deter long-term investment (Khairat et al., 2023).

  • Patient Education: Patients, especially older adults, may struggle to remember information from telehealth visits and miss printed summaries. Sending visit summaries via a patient portal and referencing educational videos can mitigate these issues (Khairat et al., 2023).
  • Feedback Mechanisms: Incorporating patient feedback can help improve telehealth services and ensure they meet patient needs.

  • Accessibility: Ensuring that telehealth platforms are accessible to all patients, including those with disabilities, is essential for providing equitable care.

Work-life balance improvement

Telehealth in primary care has shown mixed effects on healthcare providers (Cannedy et al., 2023). 

In a report for the Veterans Health Administration (VA), some primary care team members reported that telehealth increased their job flexibility and reduced burnout, with shorter patient visits. 

However, others experience anxiety and reduced job satisfaction due to challenges in remote patient management, workflow changes, and technology issues. 

To improve telehealth adoption and satisfaction among healthcare professionals, effective education, quality technology, and better workflow integration are crucial. Overall, the impact of telehealth on provider well-being and job satisfaction remains complex and varied.

Future of Telehealth in Primary Care

As telehealth continues to change and improve, we must explore its potential developments and trends.

Integration with traditional care

The future of telehealth in primary care will likely involve a hybrid model that combines in-person and virtual visits.

  • Hybrid Models: Combining telehealth with traditional in-person visits can provide a more comprehensive approach to care.

  • Preventive Care: Telehealth can also be used for preventive care, such as routine screenings and health education.

  • Chronic Disease Management: Telehealth can be particularly effective for managing chronic conditions, allowing for regular monitoring and timely interventions.


    A study of patients with chronic conditions found that physical exams make up a small percentage of in-person chronic condition management consultations. Discussions are critical for clinicians when they update treatment plans, as history-taking is more important than physical exams for diagnoses (Ward et al., 2023).

Advancements in Telehealth Technology

Emerging technologies are likely to play a significant role in the future of telehealth.

Policy and Regulation Evolution

As telehealth continues to grow, policies and regulations will need to evolve to support its use.

  • Policy Changes: Post-pandemic changes to telehealth policies may make it easier for providers to offer telehealth services.

  • Standardization: Efforts to standardize telehealth practices and reimbursement policies can help ensure consistent and equitable access to telehealth services.

  • Licensing Reforms: Reforms to licensing requirements can make it easier for providers to offer telehealth services across state lines.

Conclusion

Telehealth in primary care is here to stay. Its suitability depends on several factors like patient preferences, digital access, health conditions, and provider needs. While it offers flexibility, disparities in internet access and workflow disruptions can undermine its advantages.

To improve access and engagement in care, health providers must address barriers and design telehealth services that better meet the needs of diverse patient populations (i.e., in demographics, technical skill, and access).

The integration of telehealth with traditional care models will likely continue to evolve, making healthcare more accessible and efficient. By adopting best practices and leveraging technological advancements, healthcare providers can improve the telehealth experience for their patients, and increase engagement. 

Explore the possibilities of telehealth in your practice today and join the movement towards a more connected and patient-centered healthcare system.

References

Cannedy, S., Leung, L., Wyte-Lake, T., Balut, M. D. Dobalian, A., Heyworth, L. Paige, N. M. & Der-Martirosian, C. (2023). Primary Care Team Perspectives on the Suitability of Telehealth Modality (Phone vs Video) at the Veterans Health Administration. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. 14(1-8). doi:10.1177/21501319231172897

Chen, K., Zhang, C., Gurley, A., Akkem, S., & Jackson, H. (2023). Appointment Non-attendance for Telehealth Versus In-Person Primary Care Visits at a Large Public Healthcare System. Journal of General Internal Medicine; 38, 922–928. doi.org/10.1007/s11606-022-07814-9

Delahunty-Pike, A., Lambert, M., Schwarz, C., Howse, D., Bisson, M., Aubrey-Bassler, K. Burge, F., Chouinard, M., Doucet, S., Luke, A., Macdonald, M., Zed, J., Taylor, J, & Hudon, C. (2023). Stakeholders’ perceptions of a nurse-led telehealth case management intervention in primary care for patients with complex care needs: a qualitative descriptive study. BMJ Open; 13:e073679. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073679

Hatef, E., Wilson, R. F., Zhang, A., Hannum, S. M., Kharrazi, H., Davis, S. A., Foroughmand, I., Weiner, J. P., & Robinson, K. A. (2024). Effectiveness of telehealth versus in-person care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Npj Digital Medicine, 7(1), 1-10. doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01152-2

Khairat, S., Chourasia, P., Muellers, K. A., Andreadis, K., Lin, J. J., & Ancker, J. S. (2023). Patient and Provider Recommendations for Improved Telemedicine User Experience in Primary Care: A Multi-Center Qualitative Study. Telemedicine Reports, 4(1), 21-29. doi.org/10.1089/tmr.2023.0002

Mechanic, O. J. , Persaud, Y., & Kimball, A. B. (2022). Telehealth Systems. StatPearls. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459384/

Telehealth Utilization Fell Nearly Four Percent Nationally in June 2022. (2022). FAIR Health. Retrieved from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/telehealth-utilization-fell-nearly-four-percent-nationally-in-june-2022-301621770.html

Ward, K., Vagholkar, S., Lane, J., Raghuraman, S., & Lau, A. Y. (2023). Are chronic condition management visits translatable to telehealth? Analysis of in-person consultations in primary care. International Journal of Medical Informatics; 178, 105197. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105197